PMID- 17278386
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070302
LR  - 20070206
IS  - 1528-2511 (Print)
IS  - 1528-2511 (Linking)
VI  - 279
DP  - 2006
TI  - Immunity and tolerance to Aspergillus fumigatus.
PG  - 66-77; discussion 77-9, 216-9
AB  - The inherent resistance to diseases caused by Aspergillus fumigatus suggests the 
      occurrence of regulatory mechanisms that provide the host with adequate defence 
      without necessarily eliminating the fungus or causing unacceptable levels of host 
      damage. Efficient responses to the fungus require different mechanisms of 
      immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) are uniquely able to decode the fungus-associated 
      information and translate it into qualitatively different T helper (Th) and 
      regulatory (Treg) cell responses. A division of labour occurred between 
      functionally distinct Treg that were coordinately activated by a 
      CD28/B.7-dependent costimulatory pathway after exposure of mice to Aspergillus 
      conidia. Early in infection, inflammation was controlled by the expansion, 
      activation and local recruitment of CD4+CD25+ Treg capable of suppressing 
      neutrophils through the combined actions of interleukin (IL10) and cytotoxic T 
      lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The levels of 
      IFNgamma produced in this early phase set the subsequent adaptive stage by 
      conditioning the IDO-dependent tolerogenic program of DCs and the subsequent 
      activation and expansion of tolerogenic Treg, which produced IL10 and 
      transforming growth factor (TGF)beta, inhibited Th2 cells, and prevented allergy 
      to the fungus. Thus, regulation is an essential component of the host response in 
      infection and allergy to the fungus, and its manipulation may allow the pathogen 
      to overcome host resistance and promote disease.
FAU - Montagnoli, Claudia
AU  - Montagnoli C
AD  - Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Science, University of 
      Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
FAU - Bozza, Silvia
AU  - Bozza S
FAU - Gaziano, Roberta
AU  - Gaziano R
FAU - Zelante, Teresa
AU  - Zelante T
FAU - Bonifazi, Pierluigi
AU  - Bonifazi P
FAU - Moretti, Silvia
AU  - Moretti S
FAU - Bellocchio, Silvia
AU  - Bellocchio S
FAU - Pitzurra, Lucia
AU  - Pitzurra L
FAU - Romani, Luigina
AU  - Romani L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Novartis Found Symp
JT  - Novartis Foundation symposium
JID - 9807767
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aspergillus fumigatus/*immunology/ultrastructure
MH  - Dendritic Cells/ultrastructure
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Tolerance/*immunology
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology/microbiology
MH  - T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology/microbiology
RF  - 48
EDAT- 2007/02/07 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/03 09:00
CRDT- 2007/02/07 09:00
PHST- 2007/02/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/02/07 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Novartis Found Symp. 2006;279:66-77; discussion 77-9, 216-9.