PMID- 17285203
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070313
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 0027-2507 (Print)
IS  - 0027-2507 (Linking)
VI  - 73
IP  - 8
DP  - 2006 Dec
TI  - Soil-transmitted helminths and Plasmodium falciparum malaria: epidemiology, 
      clinical manifestations, and the role of nitric oxide in malaria and geohelminth 
      co-infection. Do worms have a protective role in P. falciparum infection?
PG  - 1098-105
AB  - Malaria and intestinal helminths are sources of significant morbidity worldwide. 
      Given the nature of shared endemicity, these diseases often co-exist in the same 
      populations. Therefore, much attention is now being given to the interaction 
      between helminths and Plasmodium in the situation of co-infection. Existing 
      evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that helminths are associated with 
      continued and possibly increased incidence of malaria infection. However, data 
      from some recent clinical fieldwork suggest protection from cerebral malaria in 
      the setting of helminth co-infection. Nitric oxide, coupled with the 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, CD23, appears to be a crucial factor in 
      preventing the development of cerebral malaria, thus improving chances for the 
      survival of both host and parasite. In this work, we review literature on the 
      subject of helminth and malaria co-infection, and offer a theoretical explanation 
      of the helminth modulation of clinical malaria. In doing so, we advocate further 
      research on this subject and also the need for a dual approach in global disease 
      control intervention, which simultaneously targets both malaria and geohelminth 
      infection.
FAU - Basavaraju, Sridhar V
AU  - Basavaraju SV
AD  - Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers 
      for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F22, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, 
      GA 30341, USA. sbasavaraju@lycos.com
FAU - Schantz, Peter
AU  - Schantz P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Mt Sinai J Med
JT  - The Mount Sinai journal of medicine, New York
JID - 0241032
RN  - 0 (Receptors, IgE)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Comorbidity
MH  - Endemic Diseases
MH  - Helminthiasis/complications/*immunology/parasitology
MH  - Helminths/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/*immunology
MH  - Malaria, Cerebral/complications/*immunology/parasitology
MH  - Nitric Oxide/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology
MH  - Receptors, IgE/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Soil/*parasitology
RF  - 39
EDAT- 2007/02/08 09:00
MHDA- 2007/03/14 09:00
CRDT- 2007/02/08 09:00
PHST- 2007/02/08 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/03/14 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/02/08 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mt Sinai J Med. 2006 Dec;73(8):1098-105.