PMID- 17294019
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070621
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 0104-1169 (Print)
IS  - 0104-1169 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 6
DP  - 2006 Nov-Dec
TI  - Adaptation to Portuguese of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS).
PG  - 863-71
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To adapt to Portuguese, of Portugal, the Depression, Anxiety and 
      Stress Scales, a 21-item short scale (DASS 21), designed to measure depression, 
      anxiety and stress. METHOD: After translation and back-translation with the help 
      of experts, the DASS 21 was administered to patients in external psychiatry 
      consults (N=101), and its internal consistency, construct validity and concurrent 
      validity were measured. RESULTS: The DASS 21 properties certify its quality to 
      measure emotional states. The instrument reveals good internal consistency. 
      Factorial analysis shows that the two-factor structure is more adequate. The 
      first factor groups most of the items that theoretically assess anxiety and 
      stress, and the second groups most of the items that assess depression, 
      explaining, on the whole, 58.54% of total variance. The strong positive 
      correlation between the DASS 21 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale 
      (HAD) confirms the hypothesis regarding the criterion validity, however, 
      revealing fragilities as to the divergence between theoretically different 
      constructs.
FAU - Apostolo, Joao Luis Alves
AU  - Apostolo JL
AD  - Health Science Research Unit, Higher School of Nursing Dr. Angelo da Fonseca, 
      Coimbra, Portugal. joaoapostolo@eseaf.pt
FAU - Mendes, Aida Cruz
AU  - Mendes AC
FAU - Azeredo, Zaida Aguiar
AU  - Azeredo ZA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Rev Lat Am Enfermagem
JT  - Revista latino-americana de enfermagem
JID - 9420934
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Anxiety/*diagnosis
MH  - Depression/*diagnosis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Language
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Portugal
MH  - *Psychological Tests
MH  - Stress, Psychological/*diagnosis
MH  - *Surveys and Questionnaires
EDAT- 2007/02/13 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/22 09:00
CRDT- 2007/02/13 09:00
PHST- 2005/08/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/05/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/02/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/22 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/02/13 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0104-11692006000600006 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/s0104-11692006000600006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2006 Nov-Dec;14(6):863-71. doi: 
      10.1590/s0104-11692006000600006.