PMID- 17321662
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070612
LR  - 20070326
IS  - 0300-483X (Print)
IS  - 0300-483X (Linking)
VI  - 232
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007 Apr 11
TI  - Immune function is not impaired in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to dimethyltin 
      dichloride (DMTC) during development or adulthood.
PG  - 303-10
AB  - Organotins are used commercially as pesticides, antifouling agents and 
      stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. Mono- and di-substituted 
      butyltins, used in PVC pipe production, are of concern to the US EPA because they 
      leach from supply pipes into drinking water and are reported multisystem 
      toxicants. We assessed several immune functions in Sprague-Dawley rats after 
      adult or developmental dimethyltin dichloride (DMTC) exposure because various 
      organotins have been reported to be immunotoxic. Adult male and female rats were 
      given drinking water containing 0, 20 or 40 mg DMTC/L (0, 1.7, or 3.4 mg DMTC/kg 
      body weight [BW]) for 28 days. Pregnant females were given the same DMTC drinking 
      water concentrations for a total of 37 days, from gestational day (GD) six 
      through weaning of pups (0, 2.4, or 4.6 mg DMTC/kg BW during gestational 
      exposure; 0, 3.6, or 6.9 mg DMTC/kg BW during postnatal exposure). On postnatal 
      day (PND) two, litters were sexed, weighed, and culled to four males and four 
      females per dam. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), antibody synthesis, and 
      natural killer (NK) cell activity were evaluated in adults (N=8/sex/group) and in 
      immunologically mature offspring (N=6/sex/group). Although water consumption was 
      decreased in all of the DMTC dose groups, the immune functions evaluated were not 
      affected. Our data suggest that these immune functions are not sensitive to the 
      levels of DMTC anticipated to occur in drinking water delivered via PVC pipe as 
      the concentrations we used were several orders of magnitude higher than those 
      expected to leach from PVC pipes.
FAU - DeWitt, Jamie C
AU  - DeWitt JC
AD  - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, c/o U.S. 
      Environmental Protection Agency, MDB143-01, 109 TW Alexander Drive, Research 
      Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. jdewitt@email.unc.edu
FAU - Copeland, Carey B
AU  - Copeland CB
FAU - Luebke, Robert W
AU  - Luebke RW
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20070130
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Toxicology
JT  - Toxicology
JID - 0361055
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin G)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin M)
RN  - 0 (Organotin Compounds)
RN  - 23120-99-2 (dimethyltin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Drinking/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Development/*drug effects/immunology
MH  - Hypersensitivity, Delayed/immunology
MH  - Immunoglobulin G/blood
MH  - Immunoglobulin M/blood
MH  - Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Organotin Compounds/immunology/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*immunology
MH  - Random Allocation
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
EDAT- 2007/02/27 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/15 09:00
CRDT- 2007/02/27 09:00
PHST- 2006/12/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/01/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/01/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/02/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/15 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/02/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0300-483X(07)00041-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.tox.2007.01.017 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicology. 2007 Apr 11;232(3):303-10. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.01.017. Epub 2007 
      Jan 30.