PMID- 17345601
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080625
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1091-4269 (Print)
IS  - 1091-4269 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 3
DP  - 2008
TI  - Major depression: the relative contribution of gender, MDMA, and cannabis use.
PG  - 241-7
AB  - Previous research has suggested that 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; 
      ecstasy) users have elevated depressive symptomatology, although it is not clear 
      whether this is due to MDMA or other drug use. This study aimed to investigate 
      the contributions of MDMA and cannabis use to Major Depressive Disorder in MDMA 
      users. A total of 226 MDMA users were studied. Participants (65% male) reported 
      an average number of 35.8 uses of MDMA (SD = 45.6, range = 2-400). Participants 
      were administered a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Twenty-six 
      individuals (11.5%) met lifetime criteria for Major Depressive Disorder. High 
      rates of lifetime Cannabis Abuse (30.1%) and Cannabis Dependence (12.4%) were 
      reported. No association was found between number of uses of MDMA and Major 
      Depressive Disorder. Those with lifetime major depression were found, however, to 
      have higher rates of lifetime cannabis use disorder (adjusted OR = 2.40). A 
      logistic regression indicated that lifetime cannabis use disorder, but not MDMA 
      use, was significantly associated with lifetime Major Depressive Disorder. 
      Stratified analyses suggested that for males, neither drug use variable was 
      associated with major depression. For females, a lifetime cannabis use disorder 
      (adjusted OR = 4.99), but not MDMA use, was associated with lifetime Major 
      Depressive Disorder. Results of this study suggest that although MDMA use was not 
      found to be significantly associated with major depression for either gender, a 
      lifetime cannabis use disorder was significantly associated with lifetime major 
      depression for female, but not male, users of MDMA.
FAU - Durdle, Heather
AU  - Durdle H
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University 
      School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48207, USA.
FAU - Lundahl, Leslie H
AU  - Lundahl LH
FAU - Johanson, Chris-Ellyn
AU  - Johanson CE
FAU - Tancer, Manuel
AU  - Tancer M
LA  - eng
GR  - DA14874/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Depress Anxiety
JT  - Depression and anxiety
JID - 9708816
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Comorbidity
MH  - Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
MH  - Educational Status
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Marijuana Abuse/diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*adverse effects
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
EDAT- 2007/03/09 09:00
MHDA- 2008/06/26 09:00
CRDT- 2007/03/09 09:00
PHST- 2007/03/09 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/06/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/03/09 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/da.20297 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Depress Anxiety. 2008;25(3):241-7. doi: 10.1002/da.20297.