PMID- 17347044
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070628
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1438-4639 (Print)
IS  - 1438-4639 (Linking)
VI  - 210
IP  - 3-4
DP  - 2007 May
TI  - Human biomonitoring studies in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
PG  - 307-18
AB  - The areas along the rivers Rhine, Ruhr and Wupper in North Rhine-Westphalia 
      (NRW), Germany, represent the largest urban and industrial agglomeration in 
      Europe with about 10 million inhabitants. Human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have 
      been conducted in these areas since more than 30 years, mainly designed to 
      evaluate internal exposure to air pollutants. Recent studies were focussed on 
      residents living near industrial sources. The contaminants studied comprise heavy 
      metals, metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and markers of DNA exposure. 
      Study groups were mainly children and elderly subjects. Human milk, blood, urine, 
      teeth, hair and nails were investigated. Time trend analyses demonstrate a 
      significant decline of exposure to many contaminants such as POPs and heavy 
      metals. More recent studies suggest that there still is an increased internal 
      exposure to metals, PAH and DNA damaging agents in children and women living very 
      close to industrial sources.
FAU - Wilhelm, Michael
AU  - Wilhelm M
AD  - Department of Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, 
      Universitatsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany. wilhelm@hygiene.rub.de
FAU - Ewers, Ulrich
AU  - Ewers U
FAU - Wittsiepe, Jurgen
AU  - Wittsiepe J
FAU - Furst, Peter
AU  - Furst P
FAU - Holzer, Jurgen
AU  - Holzer J
FAU - Eberwein, Georg
AU  - Eberwein G
FAU - Angerer, Jurgen
AU  - Angerer J
FAU - Marczynski, Boleslaw
AU  - Marczynski B
FAU - Ranft, Ulrich
AU  - Ranft U
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070307
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int J Hyg Environ Health
JT  - International journal of hygiene and environmental health
JID - 100898843
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Industrial Waste)
RN  - 0 (Metals, Heavy)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Air Pollutants/blood/urine
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Child
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Germany
MH  - Hair/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Industrial Waste/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - *Metals, Heavy/blood/urine
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Milk, Human/chemistry
MH  - Mother-Child Relations
MH  - Nails/chemistry
MH  - *Organic Chemicals/blood/urine
MH  - Tooth/chemistry
MH  - Urban Population
EDAT- 2007/03/10 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/29 09:00
CRDT- 2007/03/10 09:00
PHST- 2007/03/10 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/29 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/03/10 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1438-4639(07)00048-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.01.039 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2007 May;210(3-4):307-18. doi: 
      10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.01.039. Epub 2007 Mar 7.