PMID- 17359363
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070516
LR  - 20220129
IS  - 0305-1846 (Print)
IS  - 0305-1846 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 2
DP  - 2007 Apr
TI  - Traumatic axonal damage in the brain can be detected using beta-APP 
      immunohistochemistry within 35 min after head injury to human adults.
PG  - 226-37
AB  - Immunohistochemistry staining for beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) is a 
      sensitive method to detect early axonal damage in traumatic brain injury, which 
      was previously estimated to be of minimum 60-90 min after head injury. We present 
      seven cases of well-documented posttraumatic survival of 35-60 min where beta-APP 
      detects early axonal damage. Cases were selected from routine work where 
      documentation about survival is judged to be accurate. These are divided into 
      three groups: group 1: severe head injury (n = 7) with documented survival 
      between 35 and 60 min. Group 2: severe head injury (n = 4) with documented 
      survival of less than 30 min. Group 3: cases (n = 4) where death was not due to 
      head injury but survival is documented between 45 and 109 min. The brains were 
      fixed in formalin for 4 weeks and six regions (frontal lobe with anterior corpus 
      callosum, parietal lobe with deep white matter, basal ganglia with posterior limb 
      of internal capsule, cerebellum with white matter and middle cerebellar peduncle 
      and pons with basis pontis and superior cerebellar peduncle) were sampled. All 
      blocks were stained for haematoxylin and eosin and beta-APP and selected ones for 
      CD68, using antigen retrieval method. In group 1 sections revealed beta-APP 
      immunoreactivity in forms of small globules and granules and occasionally as thin 
      and short filaments. These were detected in the pons, corpus callosum, internal 
      capsule and cerebral white matter, with some variation in localization and 
      intensity. In groups 2 and 3 all the sections were negative for beta-APP 
      staining. None of the cases showed evidence of severe brain swelling, increased 
      intracranial pressure, ischaemia or infection. Using the antigen retrieval 
      method, beta-APP immunohistochemistry can detect axonal damage within 35 min 
      after severe head injury. These results may have an implication in the 
      consideration of minimal survival time after traumatic head injury in 
      medico-legal practice.
FAU - Hortobagyi, T
AU  - Hortobagyi T
AD  - Department of Clinical Neuropathology, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
FAU - Wise, S
AU  - Wise S
FAU - Hunt, N
AU  - Hunt N
FAU - Cary, N
AU  - Cary N
FAU - Djurovic, V
AU  - Djurovic V
FAU - Fegan-Earl, A
AU  - Fegan-Earl A
FAU - Shorrock, K
AU  - Shorrock K
FAU - Rouse, D
AU  - Rouse D
FAU - Al-Sarraj, S
AU  - Al-Sarraj S
LA  - eng
GR  - G0600676/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol
JT  - Neuropathology and applied neurobiology
JID - 7609829
RN  - 0 (Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor)
SB  - IM
CIN - Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2008 Feb;34(1):124-5. PMID: 17971077
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/*metabolism
MH  - Axons/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Brain Injuries/*metabolism/*mortality/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Forensic Sciences/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry/*methods
MH  - Male
MH  - Microwaves
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2007/03/16 09:00
MHDA- 2007/05/17 09:00
CRDT- 2007/03/16 09:00
PHST- 2007/03/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/05/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/03/16 09:00 [entrez]
AID - NAN794 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2006.00794.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2007 Apr;33(2):226-37. doi: 
      10.1111/j.1365-2990.2006.00794.x.