PMID- 17382626
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070417
LR  - 20071211
IS  - 1097-685X (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-5223 (Linking)
VI  - 133
IP  - 4
DP  - 2007 Apr
TI  - Effect of profound hypothermia during circulatory arrest on neurologic injury and 
      apoptotic repressor protein Bcl-2 expression in an acute porcine model.
PG  - 919-26
AB  - OBJECTIVES: We reported that the neocortex and hippocampus are selectively 
      vulnerable to injury in an acute porcine model of hypothermic circulatory arrest 
      at 18 degrees C. We hypothesize that further cooling to 10 degrees C could reduce 
      neurologic injury in these regions. To further elucidate the mechanisms of 
      neurologic injury and protection, we assessed the expression of the 
      anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. METHODS: Twelve piglets underwent 75 minutes of 
      hypothermic circulatory arrest at 18 degrees C (n = 6) and 10 degrees C (n = 6). 
      After gradual rewarming and reperfusion, animals were put to death and brains 
      were perfusion-fixed and cryopreserved. Regional patterns of neuronal apoptosis 
      after hypothermic circulatory arrest were characterized by in situ DNA 
      fragmentation with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end 
      labeling (TUNEL) histochemistry. Bcl-2 protein expression was characterized with 
      immunohistochemistry. Statistical comparisons were made by t test, analysis of 
      variance, and Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. RESULTS: Concentrations of 
      TUNEL(+) cells were significantly lower after profound hypothermia at 10 degrees 
      C compared with 18 degrees C hypothermia in the sensory and motor neocortex and 
      hippocampus (t test, P < .0001; P < .006; P < .006, respectively). Positive Bcl-2 
      immunostaining was observed only in the motor and sensory neocortex and 
      hippocampus after 18 degrees C hypothermic circulatory arrest. Profound cooling 
      to 10 degrees C resulted in a significant increase in Bcl-2 immunostaining in the 
      motor and sensory cortex as compared with 18 degrees C (Mann-Whitney U test, P < 
      .05). CONCLUSIONS: Deep hypothermia at 10 degrees C protects the neocortex and 
      hippocampus from insult during hypothermic circulatory arrest as suggested by 
      significantly reduced TUNEL(+) staining in these areas. Although a concomitant 
      increase in Bcl-2 expression was observed in the neocortex at 10 degrees C, it 
      remains unclear whether profound hypothermia deters from neuronal injury by 
      activation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.
FAU - Ananiadou, Olga G
AU  - Ananiadou OG
AD  - Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ioannina, School of Medicine, 
      Ioannina, Greece. oananiadou@yahoo.co.uk
FAU - Bibou, Katherine
AU  - Bibou K
FAU - Drossos, George E
AU  - Drossos GE
FAU - Charchanti, Antonia
AU  - Charchanti A
FAU - Bai, Mary
AU  - Bai M
FAU - Haj-Yahia, Saleem
AU  - Haj-Yahia S
FAU - Anagnostopoulos, Constantine E
AU  - Anagnostopoulos CE
FAU - Johnson, Elizabeth O
AU  - Johnson EO
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070222
PL  - United States
TA  - J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
JT  - The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
JID - 0376343
RN  - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2)
SB  - IM
CIN - J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Nov;134(5):1381-2; author reply 1382-3. PMID: 
      17976495
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis/physiology
MH  - Brain Diseases/etiology/*metabolism
MH  - Cardiopulmonary Bypass/adverse effects
MH  - Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced/*adverse effects
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Hippocampus/physiopathology
MH  - Hypothermia, Induced/adverse effects
MH  - In Situ Nick-End Labeling
MH  - Male
MH  - Neocortex/physiopathology
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/*biosynthesis
MH  - Swine
EDAT- 2007/03/27 09:00
MHDA- 2007/04/18 09:00
CRDT- 2007/03/27 09:00
PHST- 2006/04/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2006/09/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2006/10/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/03/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/04/18 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/03/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0022-5223(06)02086-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.10.045 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Apr;133(4):919-26. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.10.045. Epub 2007 Feb 22.