PMID- 17416217
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070531
LR  - 20070409
IS  - 1873-4324 (Electronic)
IS  - 0003-2670 (Linking)
VI  - 590
IP  - 1
DP  - 2007 May 2
TI  - Sample handling strategies for the determination of persistent trace organic 
      contaminants from biota samples.
PG  - 1-16
AB  - Even after emergence of most advanced instrumental techniques for the final 
      separation, detection, identification and determination of analytes, sample 
      handling continues to play a basic role in environmental analysis of complex 
      matrices. In fact, sample preparation steps are often the bottleneck for combined 
      time and efficiency in many overall analytical procedures. Thus, it is not 
      surprising that, in the last two decades, a lot of effort has been devoted to the 
      development of faster, safer, and more environment friendly techniques for sample 
      extraction and extract clean up, prior to actual instrumental analysis. This 
      article focuses on the state of the art in sample preparation of environmental 
      solid biological samples dedicated to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 
      analysis. Extraction techniques such as Soxhlet extraction, sonication-assisted 
      extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), microwave-assisted extraction 
      (MAE), pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion 
      (MSPD) are reviewed and their most recent applications to the determination of 
      POPs in biota samples are provided. Additionally, classical as well as promising 
      novel extraction/clean-up techniques such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) 
      are also summarized. Finally, emerging trends in sample preparation able to 
      integrate analytes extraction and their adequate clean-up are presented.
FAU - Fidalgo-Used, Natalia
AU  - Fidalgo-Used N
AD  - Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, 
      Spain.
FAU - Blanco-Gonzalez, Elisa
AU  - Blanco-Gonzalez E
FAU - Sanz-Medel, Alfredo
AU  - Sanz-Medel A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20070312
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Anal Chim Acta
JT  - Analytica chimica acta
JID - 0370534
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - Chromatography, Gel
MH  - Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Microwaves
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*analysis
MH  - *Specimen Handling
RF  - 154
EDAT- 2007/04/10 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/01 09:00
CRDT- 2007/04/10 09:00
PHST- 2006/11/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/02/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/03/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/04/10 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/04/10 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0003-2670(07)00488-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Chim Acta. 2007 May 2;590(1):1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.03.004. Epub 2007 
      Mar 12.