PMID- 17443789
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070601
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1932-8451 (Print)
IS  - 1932-8451 (Linking)
VI  - 67
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007 Feb 15
TI  - Glutamate AMPA/kainate receptors, not GABA(A) receptors, mediate 
      estradiol-induced sex differences in the hypothalamus.
PG  - 304-15
AB  - Sex differences in brain morphology underlie physiological and behavioral 
      differences between males and females. During the critical perinatal period for 
      sexual differentiation in the rat, gonadal steroids act in a regionally specific 
      manner to alter neuronal morphology. Using Golgi-Cox impregnation, we examined 
      several parameters of neuronal morphology in postnatal day 2 (PN2) rats. We found 
      that in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) and in areas just 
      dorsal and just lateral to the VMN that there was a sex difference in total 
      dendritic spine number (males greater) that was abolished by treating female 
      neonates with exogenous testosterone. Dendritic branching was similarly sexually 
      differentiated and hormonally modulated in the VMN and dorsal to the VMN. We then 
      used spinophilin, a protein that positively correlates with the amount of 
      dendritic spines, to investigate the mechanisms underlying these sex differences. 
      Estradiol, which mediates most aspects of masculinization and is the aromatized 
      product of testosterone, increased spinophilin levels in female PN2 rats to that 
      of males. Muscimol, an agonist at GABA(A) receptors, did not affect spinophilin 
      protein levels in either male or female neonates. Kainic acid, an agonist at 
      glutamatergic AMPA/kainate receptors, mimicked the effect of estradiol in 
      females. Antagonizing AMPA/kainate receptors with NBQX prevented the 
      estradiol-induced increase in spinophilin in females but did not affect 
      spinophilin level in males.
CI  - (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Todd, Brigitte J
AU  - Todd BJ
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Medicine, 
      Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. btodd@aecom.yu.edu
FAU - Schwarz, Jaclyn M
AU  - Schwarz JM
FAU - Mong, Jessica A
AU  - Mong JA
FAU - McCarthy, Margaret M
AU  - McCarthy MM
LA  - eng
GR  - MH52716/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PL  - United States
TA  - Dev Neurobiol
JT  - Developmental neurobiology
JID - 101300215
RN  - 0 (Androgens)
RN  - 0 (Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists)
RN  - 0 (Microfilament Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Tissue Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Quinoxalines)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, AMPA)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, GABA-A)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Kainic Acid)
RN  - 0 (neurabin)
RN  - 118876-58-7 (2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline)
RN  - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
RN  - SIV03811UC (Kainic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Androgens/*pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Dendrites/ultrastructure
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
MH  - Female
MH  - Hypothalamus/cytology/*drug effects
MH  - Kainic Acid/pharmacology
MH  - Male
MH  - Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Neurons/metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Quinoxalines/pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Receptors, AMPA/*physiology
MH  - Receptors, GABA-A/physiology
MH  - Receptors, Kainic Acid/*physiology
MH  - *Sex Characteristics
MH  - Silver Staining/methods
MH  - Testosterone/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2007/04/20 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/02 09:00
CRDT- 2007/04/20 09:00
PHST- 2007/04/20 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/02 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/04/20 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/dneu.20337 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dev Neurobiol. 2007 Feb 15;67(3):304-15. doi: 10.1002/dneu.20337.