PMID- 17488505
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070813
LR  - 20240414
IS  - 1742-6405 (Electronic)
IS  - 1742-6405 (Linking)
VI  - 4
DP  - 2007 May 8
TI  - Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS): review of common infectious 
      manifestations and treatment options.
PG  - 9
AB  - The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients 
      initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) results from restored immunity to 
      specific infectious or non-infectious antigens. A paradoxical clinical worsening 
      of a known condition or the appearance of a new condition after initiating 
      therapy characterizes the syndrome. Potential mechanisms for the syndrome include 
      a partial recovery of the immune system or exuberant host immunological responses 
      to antigenic stimuli. The overall incidence of IRIS is unknown, but is dependent 
      on the population studied and its underlying opportunistic infectious burden. The 
      infectious pathogens most frequently implicated in the syndrome are mycobacteria, 
      varicella zoster, herpesviruses, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). No single treatment 
      option exists and depends on the underlying infectious agent and its clinical 
      presentation. Prospective cohort studies addressing the optimal screening and 
      treatment of opportunistic infections in patients eligible for ART are currently 
      being conducted. These studies will provide evidence for the development of 
      treatment guidelines in order to reduce the burden of IRIS. We review the 
      available literature on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of IRIS, and present 
      treatment options for the more common infectious manifestations of this diverse 
      syndrome and for manifestations associated with a high morbidity.
FAU - Murdoch, David M
AU  - Murdoch DM
AD  - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 
      Durham, North Carolina, USA. dmurdoch@email.unc.edu
FAU - Venter, Willem D F
AU  - Venter WD
FAU - Van Rie, Annelies
AU  - Van Rie A
FAU - Feldman, Charles
AU  - Feldman C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070508
PL  - England
TA  - AIDS Res Ther
JT  - AIDS research and therapy
JID - 101237921
PMC - PMC1871602
EDAT- 2007/05/10 09:00
MHDA- 2007/05/10 09:01
PMCR- 2007/05/08
CRDT- 2007/05/10 09:00
PHST- 2007/03/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/05/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/05/10 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/05/10 09:01 [medline]
PHST- 2007/05/10 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2007/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1742-6405-4-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1742-6405-4-9 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - AIDS Res Ther. 2007 May 8;4:9. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-4-9.