PMID- 17535528
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20071016
LR  - 20161020
IS  - 0144-6657 (Print)
IS  - 0144-6657 (Linking)
VI  - 46
IP  - Pt 3
DP  - 2007 Sep
TI  - Intact Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance: implications for the role of 
      executive function in schizophrenia.
PG  - 361-9
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The present study sought to examine patients with schizophrenia who 
      are able to perform adequately on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), which 
      is a test that is usually challenging for individuals with schizophrenia due to 
      common problems in executive function. METHOD AND DESIGN: Patients' WCST 
      performance was classified as either 'intact' (fewer than 15% perseverative 
      errors) or 'impaired' (15% or greater). Individuals with intact performance 
      (N=61; 36.3%) and impaired performance (N=107; 63.7%) were then compared on 
      several clinical and socio-demographic variables in order to determine how those 
      with intact executive function differed from those with impaired executive 
      function as measured by the WCST. RESULTS: Patients with intact performance were 
      more similar than different from patients with impaired performance. Only 
      negative symptoms as assessed by Andreasen's Scale for the Assessment of Negative 
      Symptoms (SANS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores were found to 
      differ significantly between these two groups while the Global Assessment of 
      Functioning Scale (GAF), and positive symptom scores as assessed by Andreasen's 
      Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) approached significance. 
      Patients with schizophrenia with intact WCST performance had a lower mean 
      negative symptom score and a lower mean HDRS score than patients with 
      schizophrenia with impaired WCST performance. The two groups were alike with 
      respect to Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, age at first hospitalization, 
      mean number of previous hospitalizations and their families' years of education. 
      A binary logistic regression indicated that differences between the group of 
      individuals with intact performance and the group of individuals with impaired 
      performance were attributable to full-scale IQ. CONCLUSIONS: Those with 'intact' 
      WCST performance exhibited fewer negative symptoms and had lower HDRS scores than 
      those with 'impaired' performance, but both differences were attributable to 
      full-scale IQ based on a binary logistic regression. It is this latter finding 
      that is considered to be the most salient finding of this paper.
FAU - Thurston-Snoha, Bonnie-Jean
AU  - Thurston-Snoha BJ
AD  - University of Louisville, KY 40292, USA. b0thur01@gwise.louisville.edu
FAU - Lewine, Richard R J
AU  - Lewine RR
LA  - eng
GR  - MH44151/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PL  - England
TA  - Br J Clin Psychol
JT  - The British journal of clinical psychology
JID - 8105533
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - *Higher Nervous Activity
MH  - Humans
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Schizophrenic Psychology
EDAT- 2007/05/31 09:00
MHDA- 2007/10/17 09:00
CRDT- 2007/05/31 09:00
PHST- 2007/05/31 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/10/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/05/31 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1348/014466507X173772 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Br J Clin Psychol. 2007 Sep;46(Pt 3):361-9. doi: 10.1348/014466507X173772.