PMID- 17545892
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070827
LR  - 20181201
IS  - 0195-9131 (Print)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 6
DP  - 2007 Jun
TI  - Supplemental feedings increase self-selected work output during wildfire 
      suppression.
PG  - 1004-12
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of supplemental 
      feeding strategies on self-selected activity during wildland fire suppression. 
      METHODS: Seventy-six wildland firefighters were studied in three experiments for 
      three fire seasons. During the first two seasons, subjects consumed, in addition 
      to their sack lunch, 1) liquid carbohydrate (CHO) (200 mL.h, 20% CHO (40 g.h, 160 
      kcal.h)) or placebo (PLA) every hour, or 2) liquid CHO (200 mL.h, 20% CHO (40 
      g.h, 160 kcal.h) every even hour and solid CHO (25 g of CHO, 10 g of protein, 2 g 
      of fat, and 160 kcal.h) every odd hour, or PLA, using counterbalanced crossover 
      designs. During the third season, subjects consumed their sack lunch halfway 
      through their workday, or shift food items of approximately 150-400 kcal at 
      90-min intervals after breakfast in a randomized crossover design (isocaloric 
      intake, 1534+/-265 kcal per workday). Work output was monitored using CSA and 
      MiniMitter actigraphy units. RESULTS: During the liquid CHO trials, subjects 
      consuming CHO demonstrated significantly higher average activity counts 
      throughout the day compared with PLA (50,262+/-36,560 and 40,159+/-35,969 counts 
      per hour for 12 h for the CHO and PLA trials, respectively; P<0.05). For the 
      liquid+solid CHO trials, subjects consuming CHO demonstrated higher average 
      activity counts per minute 2 h before lunch and the last 4 h of the workday 
      compared with PLA (P<0.05). For the sack lunch and shift food trials, subjects 
      consuming shift foods demonstrated higher average counts per minute during the 
      final 2 h compared with those consuming sack lunch (521+/-421 vs 366+/-249 counts 
      per minute during 2 h; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Liquid and/or solid supplemental CHO 
      and regular feedings increased self-selected work rates during wildland fire 
      suppression, particularly during the latter hours of the workday.
FAU - Cuddy, John S
AU  - Cuddy JS
AD  - Human Performance Laboratory, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-1825, 
      USA.
FAU - Gaskill, Steven E
AU  - Gaskill SE
FAU - Sharkey, Brian J
AU  - Sharkey BJ
FAU - Harger, Stephanie G
AU  - Harger SG
FAU - Ruby, Brent C
AU  - Ruby BC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Sci Sports Exerc
JT  - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JID - 8005433
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Supplements/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Efficiency/*physiology
MH  - *Employment
MH  - *Fires
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Montana
EDAT- 2007/06/05 09:00
MHDA- 2007/08/28 09:00
CRDT- 2007/06/05 09:00
PHST- 2007/06/05 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/08/28 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/06/05 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 00005768-200706000-00016 [pii]
AID - 10.1249/mss.0b013e318040b2fb [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Jun;39(6):1004-12. doi: 10.1249/mss.0b013e318040b2fb.