PMID- 17547600
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070731
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1532-950X (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-3499 (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 4
DP  - 2007 Jun
TI  - In vitro mechanical comparison of screwed, bolted, and novel interlocking nail 
      systems to buttress plate fixation in torsion and mediolateral bending.
PG  - 368-77
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To compare standard interlocking nails (ILN) with a newly designed ILN 
      featuring an angle-stable locking mechanism (ILNn). STUDY DESIGN: Six 
      experimental groups. SAMPLE POPULATION: Bone models (n=48) treated with 6 and 8 
      mm nails locked with screws or bolts (ILN6s, ILN8s, ILN6b, ILN8b, respectively), 
      ILNn, and a 3.5 mm broad-DCP (br-DCP); n=4/testing mode. METHODS: Specimens were 
      tested in torsion or 4-point bending. Construct compliance, deformation, and 
      slack were statistically compared (P<.05). RESULTS: Regardless of testing mode, 
      construct compliance was greater with smaller ILN. Screwed constructs were more 
      compliant than bolted ones, with a significant difference between ILN6s and ILN6b 
      in torsion. Plated constructs were significantly more compliant than the ILNn. 
      Angular deformation was consistently greater with smaller ILN. Screwed ILN 
      constructs sustained approximately 2 x the torsional deformation of the bolted 
      ones (approximately 36 degrees [ILN6s] versus approximately 18 degrees [ILN6b]). 
      Comparatively, ILNn constructs had significantly less torsional (approximately 8 
      degrees) and bending (approximately 4 degrees) deformation than other constructs. 
      Whereas standard ILN constructs had slack in both modes, ILNn and br-DCP 
      construct deformations consistently occurred without slack. CONCLUSIONS: Use of 
      bolts rather than screws improved ILN mechanical behavior, but neither locking 
      mechanism completely counteracted torsion and bending forces. Conversely, the 
      ILNn angle-stable locking system eliminated torsional and bending slack, 
      resulting in comparable mechanical performances between ILNn and plated 
      constructs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The angle-stable locking mechanism of the new ILN 
      eliminates all slack in the system; thus, interfragmentary motion will likely be 
      reduced compared with standard ILN, which may improve the local environment for 
      fracture healing.
FAU - Lansdowne, Jennifer L
AU  - Lansdowne JL
AD  - Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
FAU - Sinnott, Michael T
AU  - Sinnott MT
FAU - Dejardin, Loic M
AU  - Dejardin LM
FAU - Ting, Dennis
AU  - Ting D
FAU - Haut, Roger C
AU  - Haut RC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Vet Surg
JT  - Veterinary surgery : VS
JID - 8113214
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomechanical Phenomena
MH  - Bone Nails/*veterinary
MH  - Bone Screws/*veterinary
MH  - Equipment Design
MH  - External Fixators/standards/*veterinary
MH  - *Models, Theoretical
MH  - Tensile Strength
EDAT- 2007/06/06 09:00
MHDA- 2007/08/01 09:00
CRDT- 2007/06/06 09:00
PHST- 2007/06/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/08/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/06/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - VSU00277 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00277.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Surg. 2007 Jun;36(4):368-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00277.x.