PMID- 17570846
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070801
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1743-7075 (Electronic)
IS  - 1743-7075 (Linking)
VI  - 4
DP  - 2007 Jun 14
TI  - Differential vascular dysfunction in response to diets of differing macronutrient 
      composition: a phenomenonological study.
PG  - 15
LID - 10.1186/1743-7075-4-15 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Vascular dysfunction can develop from consumption of an energy-rich 
      diet, even prior to the onset of obesity. However, the roles played by different 
      dietary components remain uncertain. While attempting to develop models of 
      obesity in a separate study, we observed that two high-energy diets of differing 
      macronutrient compositions affected vascular function differently in overweight 
      rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) were fed diets providing varying 
      percentages of energy from fat and carbohydrate (CHO). For 10 weeks, they were 
      fed either chow, as control diet (10% of energy from fat; 63% from CHO), chow 
      supplemented with chocolate biscuit (30% fat; 56% CHO) or a high-fat diet (45% 
      fat; 35% CHO). Blood concentrations of biochemical markers of obesity were 
      measured, and epididymal fat pads weighed as a measure of adiposity. Mesenteric 
      arteries were dissected and their contractile and relaxant properties analysed 
      myographically. Data were tested by analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: Weight 
      gain and plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and leptin were similar in all 
      groups. However, biscuit-fed animals showed increased food intake (+27%; p < 
      0.01) and elevated concentrations of TGs and NEFAs (+41% and +17%; both p < 
      0.05). High-fat-fed animals showed an increase only in NEFAs (+38%; p < 0.01). 
      Arterial vasoconstriction in response to NA and KCl increased only in biscuit-fed 
      rats (both p < 0.01), while vasorelaxation in response to CCh and SNP, but not 
      histamine, was attenuated in both groups (both p < 0.01). Furthermore, whereas 
      the effect of the high-fat diet was most pronounced in endothelium-dependent 
      vasorelaxation, the biscuit diet had the greater effect on 
      endothelium-independent vasorelaxation. CONCLUSION: Vascular dysfunction 
      resulting from consumption of a high-fat or combined relatively high-fat/high-CHO 
      diet occurs through different physiological processes, which may be attributable 
      to their differing macronutrient compositions. Combining potentially atherogenic 
      macronutrients induces more extensive vascular impairment than that of high-fat 
      alone, and may be attributable to the more marked dyslipidaemia observed with 
      such a diet. Thus, these findings help clarify the role of dietary components in 
      vascular impairment, which has implications for clinical approaches to preventing 
      cardiovascular disease.
FAU - Fatani, Sameer
AU  - Fatani S
AD  - School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Pickavance, Lucy C
AU  - Pickavance LC
AD  - Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, 
      Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Sadler, Claire J
AU  - Sadler CJ
AD  - School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Harrold, Joanne A
AU  - Harrold JA
AD  - School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Cassidy, Roslyn
AU  - Cassidy R
AD  - School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Wilding, John Ph
AU  - Wilding JP
AD  - School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Naderali, Ebrahim K
AU  - Naderali EK
AD  - School of Clinical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070614
PL  - England
TA  - Nutr Metab (Lond)
JT  - Nutrition & metabolism
JID - 101231644
PMC - PMC1910600
EDAT- 2007/06/16 09:00
MHDA- 2007/06/16 09:01
PMCR- 2007/06/14
CRDT- 2007/06/16 09:00
PHST- 2006/09/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/06/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/06/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/06/16 09:01 [medline]
PHST- 2007/06/16 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2007/06/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1743-7075-4-15 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1743-7075-4-15 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutr Metab (Lond). 2007 Jun 14;4:15. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-4-15.