PMID- 17579960
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070711
LR  - 20190513
IS  - 0146-4760 (Print)
IS  - 0146-4760 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007 Apr
TI  - Analysis of MDMA and its metabolites in urine and plasma following a neurotoxic 
      dose of MDMA.
PG  - 138-43
AB  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a commonly encountered drug of abuse, 
      has been shown in a variety of studies to cause neurotoxic effects. Because MDMA 
      itself is not neurotoxic, identifying the potential neurotoxic metabolite(s) was 
      of significant importance. Evaluation of urine and plasma concentrations of MDMA 
      and three of its main metabolites, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 
      4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA), and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine 
      (HMMA), following administration of a neurotoxic dose (20 mg/kg) to male Dark 
      Agouti rats was accomplished. Currently there are no data available describing 
      urine and plasma concentrations of MDMA and these metabolites over a period of 7 
      days. The rats received a single 20 mg/kg i.p. dose of MDMA. Blood and urine 
      samples were collected prior to administration and at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 
      48, 96, and 168 h following drug administration. Plasma and urine samples were 
      extracted using solid-phase extraction, derivatized with 
      N-methyl-bis(trifluoroacetamide), then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass 
      spectrometry. Urine samples showed peak concentrations of MDMA at 4 h, MDA at 8 
      h, HMMA at 12 h, and HMA at 16 h post dose. MDMA and its metabolites were 
      detectable (limit of detection 25 ng/mL) in the urine for up to 168 h post dose. 
      Plasma samples showed mean peak concentrations of MDMA and MDA at 2 h post dose 
      and HMMA at 4 h. Although the highest mean concentration of HMA was seen at 24 h 
      post dose, variability between sample results for this time point was 
      significant. No detectable levels of MDMA, MDA, HMA, and HMMA (LOD 10 ng/mL) were 
      found in plasma at 96 and 168 h post dose.
FAU - Valtier, Sandra
AU  - Valtier S
AD  - Clinical Research Division, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland AFB, Texas 
      78236, USA. Sandra.Valtier@lackland.af.mil
FAU - Phelix, Clyde F
AU  - Phelix CF
FAU - Cody, John T
AU  - Cody JT
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - J Anal Toxicol
JT  - Journal of analytical toxicology
JID - 7705085
RN  - 0 (Psychotropic Drugs)
RN  - 117652-28-5 (4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine)
RN  - 13026-44-3 (3-O-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine)
RN  - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine)
RN  - 4764-17-4 (3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - ML1I4KK67B (3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine)
RN  - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine/analogs & derivatives/blood/urine
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biotransformation
MH  - Calibration
MH  - Dopamine/analogs & derivatives/blood/urine
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/standards
MH  - Male
MH  - Methamphetamine/analogs & derivatives/blood/urine
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*blood/pharmacokinetics/toxicity/*urine
MH  - Psychotropic Drugs/*blood/pharmacokinetics/toxicity/*urine
MH  - Rats
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Toxicology/methods/standards
EDAT- 2007/06/21 09:00
MHDA- 2007/07/12 09:00
CRDT- 2007/06/21 09:00
PHST- 2007/06/21 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/07/12 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/06/21 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1093/jat/31.3.138 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Anal Toxicol. 2007 Apr;31(3):138-43. doi: 10.1093/jat/31.3.138.