PMID- 17583766
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20071009
LR  - 20071203
IS  - 0043-1354 (Print)
IS  - 0043-1354 (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 15
DP  - 2007 Aug
TI  - Impact of bathers on levels of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia 
      cysts in recreational beach waters.
PG  - 3483-9
AB  - Recreational beach water samples collected on weekends and weekdays during 11 
      consecutive summer weeks were tested for potentially viable Cryptosporidium 
      parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts using the multiplexed fluorescence in 
      situ hybridization (FISH) method. The levels of oocysts and cysts on weekends 
      were significantly higher than on the weekdays (P<0.01). Concentrations of 
      oocysts in weekend samples (n=27) ranged from 2 to 42 oocysts/L (mean: 13.7 
      oocysts/L), and cyst concentration ranged from 0 to 33 cysts/L (mean: 9.1 
      cysts/L). For the samples collected on weekdays (n=33), the highest oocyst 
      concentration was 7 oocysts/L (mean: 1.5 oocysts/L), and the highest cyst 
      concentration was 4 cysts/L (mean: 0.6 cysts/L). The values of water turbidity 
      were significantly higher on weekends than on weekdays, and were correlated with 
      the number of bathers and concentration of C. parvum oocysts and G. lamblia cysts 
      (P<0.04). The study demonstrated positive relationships between number of bathers 
      and levels of waterborne C. parvum oocysts and G. lamblia cysts in recreational 
      beach water. It is essential to test recreational waters for Cryptosporidium and 
      Giardia when numbers of bathers are greatest, or limit the number of bathers in a 
      recreational beach area.
FAU - Sunderland, Deirdre
AU  - Sunderland D
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Environmental Health 
      Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe 
      Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. dsunderland@jhsph.edu
FAU - Graczyk, Thaddeus K
AU  - Graczyk TK
FAU - Tamang, Leena
AU  - Tamang L
FAU - Breysse, Patrick N
AU  - Breysse PN
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 ES03819/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070513
PL  - England
TA  - Water Res
JT  - Water research
JID - 0105072
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Bathing Beaches
MH  - Cryptosporidium parvum/*isolation & purification
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Giardia lamblia/*isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Oocysts
MH  - Water Microbiology
MH  - Water Pollutants/*isolation & purification
EDAT- 2007/06/23 09:00
MHDA- 2007/10/10 09:00
CRDT- 2007/06/23 09:00
PHST- 2007/02/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/04/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/06/23 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/10/10 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/06/23 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0043-1354(07)00307-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.watres.2007.05.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Res. 2007 Aug;41(15):3483-9. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.05.009. Epub 2007 
      May 13.