PMID- 17610659
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070828
LR  - 20070705
IS  - 1323-1316 (Print)
IS  - 1323-1316 (Linking)
VI  - 61
IP  - 4
DP  - 2007 Aug
TI  - Changes of brain activity in the neural substrates for theory of mind during 
      childhood and adolescence.
PG  - 355-63
AB  - Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the ability to attribute independent mental 
      states, such as beliefs, preferences and desires, to the self and others. 
      Neuroimaging studies of normal adults have consistently demonstrated the 
      importance of particular brain regions for ToM, the superior temporal sulcus 
      (STS), temporal pole (TP) and the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). However, there 
      are little data showing how ToM develops during childhood and adolescence. Such 
      data are important for understanding the development of social functioning and 
      its disorders. The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study 
      age-related changes in brain activity associated with ToM during childhood and 
      early adolescence (9-16 years). Normally developed children and adolescents 
      demonstrated significant activation in the bilateral STS, the TP adjacent to the 
      amygdala (TP/Amy) and the MPFC. Furthermore, the authors found a positive 
      correlation between age and the degree of activation in the dorsal part of the 
      MPFC; in contrast, a negative correlation was found for the ventral part of the 
      MPFC. The authors also found a positive correlation between the Z coordinate of 
      the peak activation in the MPFC and age. The data indicated that activity in the 
      MPFC associated with ToM shifted from the ventral to the dorsal part of the MPFC 
      during late childhood and adolescence. No age-related changes were found in the 
      STS and the TP/Amy regions. The authors consider that the age-related brain 
      activity observed in the present study may be associated with the maturation of 
      the prefrontal cortex and the associated development of cognitive functions.
FAU - Moriguchi, Yoshiya
AU  - Moriguchi Y
AD  - Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, 
      National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.
FAU - Ohnishi, Takashi
AU  - Ohnishi T
FAU - Mori, Takeyuki
AU  - Mori T
FAU - Matsuda, Hiroshi
AU  - Matsuda H
FAU - Komaki, Gen
AU  - Komaki G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Australia
TA  - Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
JT  - Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
JID - 9513551
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Aging/*physiology
MH  - Brain/*physiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Data Interpretation, Statistical
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Photic Stimulation
MH  - Positron-Emission Tomography
MH  - *Psychophysiology
EDAT- 2007/07/06 09:00
MHDA- 2007/08/29 09:00
CRDT- 2007/07/06 09:00
PHST- 2007/07/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/08/29 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/07/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - PCN1687 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01687.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007 Aug;61(4):355-63. doi: 
      10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01687.x.