PMID- 1761254
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19920213
LR  - 20190828
IS  - 0278-6915 (Print)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 11
DP  - 1991 Nov
TI  - Quantitative relationship between oral nitrate-reducing activity and the 
      endogenous formation of N-nitrosoamino acids in humans.
PG  - 751-5
AB  - Salivary nitrate and nitrate concentrations, in vitro kinetics of nitrate 
      reduction in saliva, and numbers of salivary nitrate-reducing micro-organisms 
      were each compared with N-nitrosoamino acid excretion in 16 humans eating 
      controlled diets. N-Nitrosoproline (NPRO) and N-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic 
      acid (NTCA) excretion were measured after intake of nitrate (5.24 mmol) and 
      L-proline (4.35 mmol) before and after treatment with an oral antiseptic 
      (Peridex, 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate). Peridex treatment resulted in a 94% 
      reduction in the numbers of salivary nitrate-reducing bacteria, a decline from 17 
      to 4% in the amount of salivary nitrate that was reduced to nitrite in vivo, and 
      an 85% reduction in the rate of in vitro nitrate reduction by saliva. 
      Concurrently, there were 62 and 74% inhibitions of endogenous NPRO and NTCA 
      formation, respectively. Correlations of the numbers of nitrate reductase 
      micro-organisms, in vivo oral nitrate reduction and salivary nitrite 
      concentrations, with individual NPRO excretion, indicated that individuals with 
      higher oral nitrate-reducing capacities formed more N-nitrosoamino acid 
      endogenously. These data suggest that individual differences in oral nitrate 
      reduction are a significant factor in gastric nitrosation and account for a large 
      proportion of the interindividual variability in nitrosoamino acid excretion.
FAU - Shapiro, K B
AU  - Shapiro KB
AD  - Institute of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
FAU - Hotchkiss, J H
AU  - Hotchkiss JH
FAU - Roe, D A
AU  - Roe DA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (Nitrates)
RN  - 0 (Nitrites)
RN  - 0 (Nitrosamines)
RN  - 0 (Nitroso Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Thiazoles)
RN  - 0 (Thiazolidines)
RN  - 88381-44-6 (N-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid)
RN  - F8MI03SGY0 (nitrosoproline)
RN  - MOR84MUD8E (chlorhexidine gluconate)
RN  - R4KO0DY52L (Chlorhexidine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Administration, Oral
MH  - Adult
MH  - Chlorhexidine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nitrates/administration & dosage/*metabolism
MH  - Nitrites/chemistry
MH  - Nitrosamines/*metabolism/urine
MH  - Nitroso Compounds/*metabolism/urine
MH  - Saliva/chemistry/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Thiazoles/*metabolism/urine
MH  - Thiazolidines
EDAT- 1991/11/01 00:00
MHDA- 1991/11/01 00:01
CRDT- 1991/11/01 00:00
PHST- 1991/11/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1991/11/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1991/11/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 0278-6915(91)90183-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90183-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 1991 Nov;29(11):751-5. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90183-8.