PMID- 17613791
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070827
LR  - 20070706
IS  - 1401-5439 (Print)
IS  - 1401-5439 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 2
DP  - 2007
TI  - Equal or non-equal temperament in a capella SATB singing.
PG  - 87-94
AB  - Musical instruments whose pitch control is not fixed to specific notes, such as 
      non-fretted stringed instruments and the human voice, have the freedom to vary 
      the intonation of each note individually. A previous experiment to test whether 
      an soprano, alto, tenor bass (SATB) a capella quartet made use of an equal or a 
      non-equal tempered tuning system, indicated that the latter was the preference, 
      and that singers tended to a form of just intonation for their tuning. That 
      experiment made use of specially written SATB exercises consisting of a number of 
      modulations between the starting and finishing chords, which themselves were 
      either identical or exactly an octave apart. The intonation difference between 
      the chords in the exercises was measured relative to just intonation and equal 
      tempered tuning. Fundamental frequency data were gathered from each member of the 
      quartet by means of four electrolaryngographs. This paper reports on the results 
      of a second experiment with a different quartet which aims to establish the 
      extent to which the effect might be replicated. The implications for conductors 
      of a capella choirs are discussed.
FAU - Howard, David M
AU  - Howard DM
AD  - Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington, York, UK. 
      dh@ohm.york.ac.uk
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Logoped Phoniatr Vocol
JT  - Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology
JID - 9617311
SB  - IM
MH  - *Cooperative Behavior
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Phonation
MH  - *Temperament
EDAT- 2007/07/07 09:00
MHDA- 2007/08/28 09:00
CRDT- 2007/07/07 09:00
PHST- 2007/07/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/08/28 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/07/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 779774727 [pii]
AID - 10.1080/14015430600865607 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2007;32(2):87-94. doi: 10.1080/14015430600865607.