PMID- 17615174
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080509
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 1473-0480 (Electronic)
IS  - 0306-3674 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008 Feb
TI  - Open versus closed kinetic chain exercises for patellar chondromalacia.
PG  - 99-102; discussion 102
AB  - SUBJECT: Conservative treatment of patellar chondromalacia has been the subject 
      of several studies. One recommended treatment is a strengthening exercise of the 
      quadriceps muscle, which may be performed in closed or open kinetic chains. This 
      study was designed to compare the effect of straight leg raise (SLR) and 
      semi-squat exercises on the treatment of patellar chondromalacia, which has not 
      been done to date. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 32 female university students with a 
      diagnosis of patellar chondromalacia were randomly assigned to two experimental 
      groups: SLR and semi-squat exercise. Before starting exercise protocols, Q angle, 
      maximal isometric voluntary contraction force (MIVCF) of quadriceps, crepitation, 
      circumference of thigh 5 and 10 cm above the patella and patellofemoral pain 
      according to the visual analogue scale (VAS) were assessed. Both groups then 
      followed a 3-week programme of quadriceps muscle strengthening exercises (SLR or 
      semi-squat) starting with 20 exercises twice a day and increasing each session by 
      5 exercises every 2 days. All measurements were repeated at the end of each week 
      and then again 2 weeks after the 3-week exercise programme. RESULTS: Reduced Q 
      angle (mean differences (SD) 0.8 (0.3), p = 0.016) and crepitation (19.9 (8.5), p 
      = 0.04), and an increase in the MIVCF of the quadriceps (15.8 (5.6), p = 0.01) 
      and thigh circumference (1.5 (0.3), p = 0.001) were found in semi-squat group 
      compared with SLR group. However, patellofemoral pain was decreased significantly 
      in both groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that semi-squat 
      exercises (closed kinetic chain) are more effective than SLR exercise (open 
      kinetic chain) in the treatment of patellar chondromalacia. More studies are 
      needed to investigate the long-term effect of these types of exercise.
FAU - Bakhtiary, A H
AU  - Bakhtiary AH
AD  - Physiotherapy Department, Rehabilitation Faculty, Semnan University of Medical 
      Sciences, Semnan, Iran. amir822@yahoo.com
FAU - Fatemi, E
AU  - Fatemi E
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070705
PL  - England
TA  - Br J Sports Med
JT  - British journal of sports medicine
JID - 0432520
SB  - IM
CIN - Clin J Sport Med. 2009 Jan;19(1):76-7. PMID: 19124993
MH  - Adult
MH  - Chondromalacia Patellae/*rehabilitation
MH  - Exercise Therapy/*methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Muscle Strength/*physiology
MH  - Treatment Outcome
EDAT- 2007/07/07 09:00
MHDA- 2008/05/10 09:00
CRDT- 2007/07/07 09:00
PHST- 2007/07/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/05/10 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/07/07 09:00 [entrez]
AID - bjsm.2007.038109 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bjsm.2007.038109 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Br J Sports Med. 2008 Feb;42(2):99-102; discussion 102. doi: 
      10.1136/bjsm.2007.038109. Epub 2007 Jul 5.