PMID- 17651993
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20071220
LR  - 20121115
IS  - 1079-9796 (Print)
IS  - 1079-9796 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 3
DP  - 2007 Nov-Dec
TI  - Comparison of the effect of phenol and its derivatives on protein and free 
      radical formation in human erythrocytes (in vitro).
PG  - 238-44
AB  - The effect of phenolic compounds: phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 
      2,4-dimethylphenol (2,4-DMP) and catechol on human erythrocytes was studied. The 
      level of fluorescent label - 6-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate 
      (H(2)DCFDA) oxidation by phenolic compounds in erythrocytes as well as the 
      carbonyl group content and hemoglobin denaturation were monitored. H(2)DCFDA has 
      been utilized extensively as a marker for studies of oxidative stress at the 
      cellular level. We noted that 2,4-DCP, 2,4-DMP and catechol induced an increase 
      in the concentration- and time-dependent H(2)DCFDA oxidation. We also observed an 
      increase in carbonyl group content and the changes in parameter T (denaturation 
      of hemoglobin) in erythrocytes incubated with 2,4-DCP, catechol and 2,4-DMP. The 
      highest level of H(2)DCFDA oxidation was provoked by 2,4-DCP. The biggest changes 
      of proteins in erythrocytes measured as the carbonyl group content were induced 
      by 2,4-DMP, but measured as parameter T they were induced by catechol. It was 
      observed that phenol did not oxidize H(2)DCFDA up to the concentration of 2.5 mM 
      after 3 h of incubation. Phenol did not affect the carbonyl group content but 
      decreased parameter T (induced denaturation of hemoglobin). To sum up, the kind 
      of the substituent in a phenolic ring determines the molecular mechanism of 
      action of the individual compound and the capacity of reactive oxygen species 
      generation and thus damages the specified structures in human erythrocytes.
FAU - Bukowska, B
AU  - Bukowska B
AD  - Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, University of Lodz, Banacha 
      12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland. bukow@biol.uni.lodz.pl
FAU - Michalowicz, J
AU  - Michalowicz J
FAU - Krokosz, A
AU  - Krokosz A
FAU - Sicinska, P
AU  - Sicinska P
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070724
PL  - United States
TA  - Blood Cells Mol Dis
JT  - Blood cells, molecules & diseases
JID - 9509932
RN  - 0 (2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate)
RN  - 0 (Catechols)
RN  - 0 (Chlorophenols)
RN  - 0 (Fluoresceins)
RN  - 0 (Free Radicals)
RN  - 0 (Hemoglobins)
RN  - 0 (Phenols)
RN  - 0 (Xylenes)
RN  - 5OD803C081 (2,4-dimethylphenol)
RN  - LF3AJ089DQ (catechol)
RN  - R669TG1950 (2,4-dichlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Catechols/toxicity
MH  - Chlorophenols/toxicity
MH  - Erythrocytes/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Fluoresceins/metabolism
MH  - Free Radicals/*metabolism
MH  - Hemoglobins/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Phenols/*toxicity
MH  - Protein Carbonylation
MH  - Xylenes/toxicity
EDAT- 2007/07/27 09:00
MHDA- 2007/12/21 09:00
CRDT- 2007/07/27 09:00
PHST- 2007/04/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/06/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/07/27 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/12/21 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/07/27 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1079-9796(07)00117-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.bcmd.2007.06.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2007 Nov-Dec;39(3):238-44. doi: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2007.06.003. 
      Epub 2007 Jul 24.