PMID- 17658666
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090219
LR  - 20240209
IS  - 1558-1497 (Electronic)
IS  - 0197-4580 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 2
DP  - 2009 Feb
TI  - Expression of interleukin-18 is increased in the brains of Alzheimer's disease 
      patients.
PG  - 198-209
AB  - The inflammatory cytokines can initiate nerve cell degeneration and enhance the 
      plaque production typically found in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Interleukin-18 
      (IL-18) is an inflammatory cytokine, which can induce the expression of 
      interferon-gamma. This interleukin shares similarities with the IL-1 family of 
      proteins. Like IL-1 beta, IL-18 is cleaved by caspase-1 (ICE) to an active 
      secreted form. We examined the expressions of IL-18, -1 beta and ICE in different 
      brain regions from AD patients that were categorized with respect to the Braak 
      stage, and age-matched with non-demented controls. The levels of total-RNA and 
      protein of IL-18 and ICE were increased, especially in the frontal lobe of AD 
      patients and this change was not modified by ApoE genotype. Immunohistochemistry 
      of AD brain samples detected IL-18 in microglia, astrocytes, and surprisingly in 
      neurons, and it is also co-localized not only with amyloid-beta plaques but also 
      with tau. In CSF, elevated IL-18 level was detected only in men and it also 
      correlated with CSF tau in MCI. IL-18 may thus be a potential biomarker for men. 
      Plasma levels of IL-18 showed no correlation with the disease. In conclusion, 
      amyloid-beta may induce the synthesis of IL-18, and IL-18 kinases involved in tau 
      phosphorylation as a part of the amyloid-associated inflammatory reaction.
FAU - Ojala, Johanna
AU  - Ojala J
AD  - Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio, Canthia, P.O. Box 
      1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. Johanna.Ojala@uku.fi
FAU - Alafuzoff, Irina
AU  - Alafuzoff I
FAU - Herukka, Sanna-Kaisa
AU  - Herukka SK
FAU - van Groen, Thomas
AU  - van Groen T
FAU - Tanila, Heikki
AU  - Tanila H
FAU - Pirttila, Tuula
AU  - Pirttila T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070720
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurobiol Aging
JT  - Neurobiology of aging
JID - 8100437
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-18)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.36 (Caspase 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/*metabolism
MH  - Brain/*metabolism
MH  - Caspase 1/*metabolism
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukin-18/*metabolism
MH  - Up-Regulation
EDAT- 2007/07/31 09:00
MHDA- 2009/02/20 09:00
CRDT- 2007/07/31 09:00
PHST- 2006/05/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/06/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/07/31 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/02/20 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/07/31 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0197-4580(07)00246-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.06.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurobiol Aging. 2009 Feb;30(2):198-209. doi: 
      10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.06.006. Epub 2007 Jul 20.