PMID- 17658711
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20071018
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1872-6283 (Electronic)
IS  - 0379-0738 (Linking)
VI  - 170
IP  - 2-3
DP  - 2007 Aug 6
TI  - Drugs in oral fluid in randomly selected drivers.
PG  - 105-10
AB  - There were 13,176 roadside drug tests performed in the first year of the random 
      drug-testing program conducted in the state of Victoria. Drugs targeted in the 
      testing were methamphetamines and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). On-site 
      screening was conducted by the police using DrugWipe, while the driver was still 
      in the vehicle and if positive, a second test on collected oral fluid, using the 
      Rapiscan, was performed in a specially outfitted "drug bus" located adjacent to 
      the testing area. Oral fluid on presumptive positive cases was sent to the 
      laboratory for confirmation with limits of quantification of 5, 5, and 2 ng/mL 
      for methamphetamine (MA), methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), and THC, 
      respectively. Recovery experiments conducted in the laboratory showed 
      quantitative recovery of analytes from the collector. When oral fluid could not 
      be collected, blood was taken from the driver and sent to the laboratory for 
      confirmation. These roadside tests gave 313 positive cases following GC-MS 
      confirmation. These comprised 269, 118, and 87 cases positive to MA, MDMA, and 
      THC, respectively. The median oral concentrations (undiluted) of MA, MDMA, and 
      THC was 1136, 2724, and 81 ng/mL. The overall drug positive rate was 2.4% of the 
      screened population. This rate was highest in drivers of cars (2.8%). The average 
      age of drivers detected with a positive drug reading was 28 years. Large vehicle 
      (trucks over 4.5 t) drivers were older; on average at 38 years. Females accounted 
      for 19% of all positives, although none of the positive truck drivers were 
      female. There was one false positive to cannabis when the results of both on-site 
      devices were considered and four to methamphetamines.
FAU - Drummer, Olaf H
AU  - Drummer OH
AD  - Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash 
      University, Southbank, Australia. olaf@vifm.org <olaf@vifm.org>
FAU - Gerostamoulos, Dimitri
AU  - Gerostamoulos D
FAU - Chu, Mark
AU  - Chu M
FAU - Swann, Philip
AU  - Swann P
FAU - Boorman, Martin
AU  - Boorman M
FAU - Cairns, Ian
AU  - Cairns I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070720
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Forensic Sci Int
JT  - Forensic science international
JID - 7902034
RN  - 0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine)
RN  - 7J8897W37S (Dronabinol)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Australia
MH  - Automobile Driving/*legislation & jurisprudence
MH  - Central Nervous System Stimulants/analysis
MH  - Dronabinol/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Forensic Toxicology
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Hallucinogens/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Methamphetamine/analysis
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/analysis
MH  - Saliva/*chemistry
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/legislation & jurisprudence/methods
EDAT- 2007/07/31 09:00
MHDA- 2007/10/19 09:00
CRDT- 2007/07/31 09:00
PHST- 2006/10/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/03/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/03/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/07/31 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/10/19 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/07/31 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0379-0738(07)00558-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.028 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Forensic Sci Int. 2007 Aug 6;170(2-3):105-10. doi: 
      10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.028. Epub 2007 Jul 20.