PMID- 17675420
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080122
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0099-2240 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5336 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Linking)
VI  - 73
IP  - 19
DP  - 2007 Oct
TI  - The motility symbiont of the termite gut flagellate Caduceia versatilis is a 
      member of the "Synergistes" group.
PG  - 6270-6
AB  - The flagellate Caduceia versatilis in the gut of the termite Cryptotermes 
      cavifrons reportedly propels itself not by its own flagella but solely by the 
      flagella of ectosymbiotic bacteria. Previous microscopic observations have 
      revealed that the motility symbionts are flagellated rods partially embedded in 
      the host cell surface and that, together with a fusiform type of ectosymbiotic 
      bacteria without flagella, they cover almost the entire surface. To identify 
      these ectosymbionts, we conducted 16S rRNA clone analyses of bacteria physically 
      associated with the Caduceia cells. Two phylotypes were found to predominate in 
      the clone library and were phylogenetically affiliated with the "Synergistes" 
      phylum and the order Bacteroidales in the Bacteroidetes phylum. Probes 
      specifically targeting 16S rRNAs of the respective phylotypes were designed, and 
      fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed. As a result, the 
      "Synergistes" phylotype was identified as the motility symbiont; the 
      Bacteroidales phylotype was the fusiform ectobiont. The "Synergistes" phylotype 
      was a member of a cluster comprising exclusively uncultured clones from the guts 
      of various termite species. Interestingly, four other phylotypes in this cluster, 
      including the one sharing 95% sequence identity with the motility symbiont, were 
      identified as nonectosymbiotic, or free-living, gut bacteria by FISH. We thus 
      suggest that the motility ectosymbiont has evolved from a free-living gut 
      bacterium within this termite-specific cluster. Based on these molecular and 
      previous morphological data, we here propose a novel genus and species, 
      "Candidatus Tammella caduceiae," for this unique motility ectosymbiont of 
      Caducaia versatilis.
FAU - Hongoh, Yuichi
AU  - Hongoh Y
AD  - Environmental Molecular Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. 
      yhongo@riken.jp
FAU - Sato, Tomoyuki
AU  - Sato T
FAU - Dolan, Michael F
AU  - Dolan MF
FAU - Noda, Satoko
AU  - Noda S
FAU - Ui, Sadaharu
AU  - Ui S
FAU - Kudo, Toshiaki
AU  - Kudo T
FAU - Ohkuma, Moriya
AU  - Ohkuma M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070803
PL  - United States
TA  - Appl Environ Microbiol
JT  - Applied and environmental microbiology
JID - 7605801
RN  - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacteroidetes/chemistry/*classification/genetics/*physiology
MH  - Digestive System
MH  - Flagella
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Intestines/microbiology
MH  - Isoptera/*microbiology
MH  - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
MH  - *Symbiosis
PMC - PMC2074993
EDAT- 2007/08/07 09:00
MHDA- 2008/01/23 09:00
PMCR- 2008/02/01
CRDT- 2007/08/07 09:00
PHST- 2007/08/07 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/01/23 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/08/07 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - AEM.00750-07 [pii]
AID - 0750-07 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/AEM.00750-07 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Oct;73(19):6270-6. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00750-07. Epub 
      2007 Aug 3.