PMID- 17710589
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080325
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 0963-7486 (Print)
IS  - 0963-7486 (Linking)
VI  - 58
IP  - 6
DP  - 2007 Sep
TI  - Sugar intake, soft drink consumption and body weight among British children: 
      further analysis of National Diet and Nutrition Survey data with adjustment for 
      under-reporting and physical activity.
PG  - 445-60
AB  - We investigated associations between body mass index (BMI) and intake of non-milk 
      extrinsic sugars (NMES) and caloric soft drinks using weighed 7-day food records, 
      nutrient intakes, BMI measurements and 7-day physical activity (PA) diaries from 
      the UK National Dietary and Nutritional Survey of Young People (n=1,294 aged 7-18 
      years). NMES and caloric soft drinks (excluding 100% fruit juice) were quantified 
      by their contribution to energy intake. BMI z-scores were calculated from UK 
      reference curves and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off values were 
      used to define overweight. The BMI z-score was weakly inversely correlated with 
      percentage energy from NMES after adjustment for under-reporting and dieting 
      (r=-0.06, P=0.03). The percentage of energy from soft drinks was not associated 
      with the BMI z-score or PA. After excluding under-reporters and dieters, the 
      heaviest children (top quintile: Q5 of BMI z-scores) consumed more total energy 
      (+1,220 kJ/day) than those in the lowest quintile (Q1), but only 60 kJ (5%) was 
      from soft drinks. In logistic regression (adjusted for age and gender, 
      under-reporting, and dieting), overweight was positively associated with energy 
      intake (MJ) (odds ratio [OR]=1.58, confidence interval [CI]=1.42-1.77) and 
      sedentary activity (h) (OR=1.11, CI=1.01-1.23), and inversely associated with 
      moderate/vigorous activity (h) (OR=0.71, CI=0.58-0.86). In the macronutrient 
      model, high fat and protein intake (top tertile vs lowest tertile, g/day) were 
      positively associated with overweight (OR>2.5, P<0.001) while starch had less 
      impact (OR=1.60, CI=1.0-2.55, P<0.05). Top tertile intakes of caloric soft drinks 
      were weakly associated with overweight (OR=1.39, CI=0.96-2.0, P=0.08), while 
      other sources of NMES showed no association (OR=0.81, CI=0.52-1.27, P=0.4). Risk 
      associated with caloric soft drinks appeared non-linear with an increase in odds 
      only for very high consumers (top quintile, mean 870 kJ/day; OR=1.67, 
      CI=1.04-2.66, P=0.03). These data are not consistent with any specific role for 
      NMES or caloric soft drinks in obesity among British children and adolescents, 
      but point instead to a general role of overeating and physical inactivity. 
      Evidence of successful interventions is urgently needed but these must use 
      reliable measurements of exposure (diet and PA) and outcome (BMI z-score, body 
      fat, waist circumference) and have a sufficient timescale.
FAU - Gibson, Sigrid
AU  - Gibson S
AD  - SiG-Nurture Ltd Independent Nutrition Consultants, Guildford, Surrey, UK. 
      sigrid@sig-nurture.com
FAU - Neate, Deborah
AU  - Neate D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Food Sci Nutr
JT  - International journal of food sciences and nutrition
JID - 9432922
RN  - 0 (Dietary Sucrose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Beverages/adverse effects/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Body Mass Index
MH  - *Body Weight
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
MH  - Dietary Sucrose/*adverse effects
MH  - Exercise/physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Multivariate Analysis
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - Obesity/*etiology/psychology
MH  - United Kingdom/epidemiology
EDAT- 2007/08/22 09:00
MHDA- 2008/03/26 09:00
CRDT- 2007/08/22 09:00
PHST- 2007/08/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/03/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/08/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 779418096 [pii]
AID - 10.1080/09637480701288363 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2007 Sep;58(6):445-60. doi: 10.1080/09637480701288363.