PMID- 17821962
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20070919
LR  - 20070907
IS  - 0348-6672 (Print)
IS  - 0348-6672 (Linking)
IP  - 187
DP  - 2007
TI  - The biological role of the female sex hormone estrogen in the 
      periodontium--studies on human periodontal ligament cells.
PG  - 11-54
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Several studies have addressed the association between changes in 
      levels of the female sex hormone, estrogen, and changes in the parameters of 
      periodontitis, but the mechanism behind estrogenic effects in the periodontium is 
      poorly understood. There are two subtypes of estrogen receptors (ER), ERalpha and 
      ERbeta. The objectives of the present studies were to map periodontal ligament 
      (PDL) cell ER-subtype expression patterns and to investigate their functional 
      importance. This information is valuable for understanding the biological role of 
      ERs in the periodontium. METHODS: Human PDL cells were obtained from periodontal 
      tissue explants from teeth that were extracted for orthodontic reasons. The 
      progesterone receptor and ER-subtype expression patterns were studied using 
      immunocytochemistry. The subcellular distribution of ERbeta was determined by 
      immunogold electron microscopy and confocal imaging using the 
      mitochondria-selective probe MitoTracker and ERbeta immunostaining. Expression of 
      the mitochondrial protein, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, was investigated using 
      Western blotting. DNA and collagen synthesis was determined by measuring the 
      incorporation of [3H]thymidine and [3H]proline, respectively. Interleukin-6 
      (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and Creactive protein (CRP) 
      were analyzed using ELISA. Alkaline phosphatase activity was determined 
      colorimetrically. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Human PDL cells possessed 
      immunoreactivity for ERP but not ERalpha, suggesting that estrogenic effects in 
      PDL cells are mediated via ERbeta. PDL cells expressed no immunoreactivity for 
      progesterone receptors, which implies that progesterone does not have a direct 
      effect on PDL cell function. Confocal imaging and immunogold electron microscopy 
      revealed that ERbeta immunoreactivity was distributed not only in the nucleus but 
      also in the mitochondria. Incubation with estrogen down-regulated expression of 
      cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, indicating functional significance for 
      mitochondrial ER. Physiological concentrations of estrogen had no effect on PDL 
      cell collagen and DNA synthesis but enhanced DNA synthesis in human breast cancer 
      MCF-7 cells, probably reflecting a cell-typespecific ER-subtype expression 
      pattern. The bacterial endotoxin, LPS, had no effect on the physiological 
      properties of PDL cells (demonstrated by unaltered alkaline phosphatase activity, 
      and DNA and collagen synthesis). However, LPS enhanced inflammatory 
      characteristics of PDL cells, such as enhanced IL-6 and MCP-1 protein production. 
      The LPS-induced effect on PDL cells was not reversed by estrogen, suggesting that 
      estrogen has no anti-inflammatory effect via this mechanism. The enhanced MCP-1 
      expression in response to LPS suggests that PDL cells contribute to the 
      recruitment of leukocytes in periodontal inflammation.
FAU - Jonsson, Daniel
AU  - Jonsson D
AD  - Malmo University, Faculty of Odontology Department of Periodontology.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Sweden
TA  - Swed Dent J Suppl
JT  - Swedish dental journal. Supplement
JID - 7905899
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Estrogen Receptor alpha)
RN  - 0 (Estrogen Receptor beta)
RN  - 0 (Estrogens)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Estrogen)
RN  - 9007-34-5 (Collagen)
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Chemokines/metabolism
MH  - Collagen/biosynthesis
MH  - Cytokines/metabolism
MH  - DNA/biosynthesis
MH  - Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
MH  - Estrogen Receptor beta/metabolism
MH  - Estrogens/*metabolism/physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Intracellular Space/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Periodontal Ligament/*metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism/physiology
EDAT- 2007/09/08 09:00
MHDA- 2007/09/20 09:00
CRDT- 2007/09/08 09:00
PHST- 2007/09/08 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/09/20 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/09/08 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Swed Dent J Suppl. 2007;(187):11-54.