PMID- 17828815
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080110
LR  - 20190430
IS  - 1007-9327 (Print)
IS  - 2219-2840 (Electronic)
IS  - 1007-9327 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 36
DP  - 2007 Sep 28
TI  - Host and viral factors contributing to CD8+ T cell failure in hepatitis C virus 
      infection.
PG  - 4839-47
AB  - Virus-specific CD8+ T cells are thought to be the major anti-viral effector cells 
      in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Indeed, viral clearance is associated with 
      vigorous CD8+ T cell responses targeting multiple epitopes. In the chronic phase 
      of infection, HCV-specific CD8+ T cell responses are usually weak, narrowly 
      focused and display often functional defects regarding cytotoxicity, cytokine 
      production, and proliferative capacity. In the last few years, different 
      mechanisms which might contribute to the failure of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells in 
      chronic infection have been identified, including insufficient CD4+ help, 
      deficient CD8+ T cell differentiation, viral escape mutations, suppression by 
      viral factors, inhibitory cytokines, inhibitory ligands, and regulatory T cells. 
      In addition, host genetic factors such as the host's human leukocyte antigen 
      (HLA) background may play an important role in the efficiency of the HCV-specific 
      CD8+ T cell response and thus outcome of infection. The growing understanding of 
      the mechanisms contributing to T cell failure and persistence of HCV infection 
      will contribute to the development of successful immunotherapeutical and 
      -prophylactical strategies.
FAU - Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph
AU  - Neumann-Haefelin C
AD  - Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 
      Freiburg D-79106, Germany. christoph.neumann-haefelin@uniklinik-freiburg.de
FAU - Spangenberg, Hans-Christian
AU  - Spangenberg HC
FAU - Blum, Hubert-E
AU  - Blum HE
FAU - Thimme, Robert
AU  - Thimme R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Gastroenterol
JT  - World journal of gastroenterology
JID - 100883448
SB  - IM
MH  - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*physiology
MH  - Genes, MHC Class I
MH  - Hepacivirus/*immunology/physiology
MH  - Hepatitis C/genetics/*immunology/virology
MH  - Humans
PMC - PMC4611762
EDAT- 2007/09/11 09:00
MHDA- 2008/01/11 09:00
PMCR- 2007/09/28
CRDT- 2007/09/11 09:00
PHST- 2007/09/11 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/01/11 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/09/11 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2007/09/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3748/wjg.v13.i36.4839 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Sep 28;13(36):4839-47. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i36.4839.