PMID- 17850418
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090305
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1369-1600 (Electronic)
IS  - 1355-6215 (Print)
IS  - 1355-6215 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3-4
DP  - 2008 Sep
TI  - Age-dependent differences in sensitivity and sensitization to cannabinoids and 
      'club drugs' in male adolescent and adult rats.
PG  - 277-86
AB  - Lifelong substance abuse is often initiated during adolescence; yet, most 
      pre-clinical research in this area has been conducted in adult animals. 
      Substantial evidence exists that the brain development that continues throughout 
      adolescence may result in pharmacological responses that differ in a crucial 
      manner from those of adults. The goal of this study was to evaluate age 
      differences in motor activity following acute and repeated administration of 
      drugs that are commonly abused by adolescents, including cocaine, 
      Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), and the club drugs, ketamine and 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Adolescent and adult male rats were 
      injected once daily with saline or with a dose of one of the test drugs for two 
      5-day dosing periods, separated by a 2-day drug holiday during which they 
      remained in their home cages. Following each injection, rats were placed in a 
      locomotor chamber for a 20-minute session. The potencies of cocaine, ketamine and 
      MDMA for producing motor stimulation were less in male adolescents than in male 
      adults. Furthermore, sensitization to the club drug, ketamine, developed after 
      repeated dosing in adults, but not adolescents. In contrast, adolescents were 
      initially more sensitive to the stimulatory effects of low doses of Delta(9)-THC 
      than were adults, although rapid tolerance occurred. These results suggest that 
      adolescents are less sensitive to the acute and repeated stimulant effects of 
      some, but not all, of the drugs that are preferentially abused by this age group. 
      This differential sensitivity may contribute to the different patterns of use 
      that have been noted in adolescent versus adult drug abusers.
FAU - Wiley, Jenny L
AU  - Wiley JL
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO 
      Box 980613, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0613, USA. jwiley@vcu.edu
FAU - Evans, Rhys L
AU  - Evans RL
FAU - Grainger, Darren B
AU  - Grainger DB
FAU - Nicholson, Katherine L
AU  - Nicholson KL
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DA016644/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA016644-05/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA-016644/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20070911
PL  - United States
TA  - Addict Biol
JT  - Addiction biology
JID - 9604935
RN  - 0 (Analgesics)
RN  - 0 (Cannabinoids)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 690G0D6V8H (Ketamine)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Analgesics/pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cannabinoids/*pharmacology
MH  - Drug Hypersensitivity/*diagnosis
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/*pharmacology
MH  - Ketamine/pharmacology
MH  - Locomotion/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Random Allocation
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Long-Evans
PMC - PMC2638091
MID - NIHMS80073
EDAT- 2007/09/14 09:00
MHDA- 2009/03/06 09:00
PMCR- 2009/09/01
CRDT- 2007/09/14 09:00
PHST- 2007/09/14 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/03/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/09/14 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ADB077 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2007.00077.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Addict Biol. 2008 Sep;13(3-4):277-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2007.00077.x. Epub 
      2007 Sep 11.