PMID- 17869045
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080430
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 0385-8146 (Print)
IS  - 0385-8146 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 1
DP  - 2008 Mar
TI  - Influence of visual information and test paradigm on clinical olfactory test 
      results.
PG  - 53-60
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine if visual information and test 
      paradigms affect clinical olfactory test results. METHODS: Three hundred and 
      ninety-seven Japanese patients with complaints of olfactory dysfunction were 
      administered both a new clinical olfactory test, the Odor Stick Identification 
      Test for Japanese (OSIT-J), and the Japanese benchmark olfactory test, T&T 
      olfactometry. Four different methods were used to administer the OSIT-J combining 
      paradigms using word or picture-word alternatives with the four-plus alternative 
      method based on a top-down strategy or the two-step identification method based 
      on a bottom-up strategy. OSIT-J scores were compared for the different methods, 
      referring to benchmark scores obtained with T&T olfactometry. RESULTS: OSIT-J 
      scores using picture-word alternatives and the four-plus alternative method 
      showed a stronger correlation with T&T olfactometry test scores than those using 
      word alternatives and the two-step identification method, respectively. The 
      average OSIT-J scores of the four-plus alternative method using picture-word 
      alternatives were significantly higher than those using word alternatives in 
      anosmic and severely hyposmic patients. The time required to administer the 
      OSIT-J using both picture-word alternatives and the four-plus alternative method 
      was the shortest of the four OSIT-J methods. CONCLUSIONS: Visual information and 
      test paradigms may affect clinical olfactory test results. The OSIT-J method 
      using picture-word alternatives and the four-plus alternative method may be the 
      most suitable for clinical practice.
FAU - Kobayashi, Masayoshi
AU  - Kobayashi M
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate 
      School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. 
      m-koba@doc.medic.mie-u.ac.jp
FAU - Imanishi, Yoshinori
AU  - Imanishi Y
FAU - Ishikawa, Masako
AU  - Ishikawa M
FAU - Nishida, Kohei
AU  - Nishida K
FAU - Oishi, Maaya
AU  - Oishi M
FAU - Nakamura, Satoshi
AU  - Nakamura S
FAU - Sakaida, Hiroshi
AU  - Sakaida H
FAU - Maeda, Taro
AU  - Maeda T
FAU - Tsunoda, Takatsugu
AU  - Tsunoda T
FAU - Matsuura, Toru
AU  - Matsuura T
FAU - Majima, Yuichi
AU  - Majima Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070914
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Auris Nasus Larynx
JT  - Auris, nasus, larynx
JID - 7708170
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Association Learning
MH  - Attention
MH  - Benchmarking
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Japan
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Odorants
MH  - Olfaction Disorders/*diagnosis
MH  - *Pattern Recognition, Visual
MH  - Predictive Value of Tests
MH  - *Semantics
EDAT- 2007/09/18 09:00
MHDA- 2008/05/01 09:00
CRDT- 2007/09/18 09:00
PHST- 2007/01/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/03/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/04/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/09/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/05/01 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/09/18 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0385-8146(07)00124-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.anl.2007.04.014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Auris Nasus Larynx. 2008 Mar;35(1):53-60. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2007.04.014. Epub 
      2007 Sep 14.