PMID- 17870059
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080125
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 0006-8993 (Print)
IS  - 0006-8993 (Linking)
VI  - 1175
DP  - 2007 Oct 17
TI  - Quantitative immuno-electron microscopic analysis of depolarization-induced 
      expression of PGC-1alpha in cultured rat visual cortical neurons.
PG  - 10-6
AB  - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC- 1alpha) 
      is a coactivator of nuclear receptors and other transcription factors that 
      regulate several metabolic processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis, energy 
      homeostasis, respiration, and gluconeogenesis. PGC-1alpha plays a vital role in 
      stimulating genes that are important to oxidative metabolism and other 
      mitochondrial functions in brown adipose tissue and skeleton muscles, but the 
      significance of PGC-1alpha in the brain remains elusive. The goal of our present 
      study was to determine by means of quantitative immuno-electron microscopy the 
      expression of PGC-1alpha in cultured rat visual cortical neurons under normal 
      conditions as well as after depolarizing stimulation for varying periods of time. 
      Our results showed that: (a) PGC-1alpha was normally located in both the nucleus 
      and the cytoplasm. In the nucleus, PGC-1alpha was associated mainly with 
      euchromatin rather than heterochromatin, consistent with active involvement in 
      transcription. In the cytoplasm, it was associated mainly with free ribosomes. 
      (b) Neuronal depolarization by KCl for 0.5 h induced a significant increase in 
      PGC-1alpha labeling density in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm (P<0.01). The 
      heightened expression continued after 1 and 3 h of depolarizing treatment 
      (P<0.01), but decreased from 5 h onward and returned to baseline level by 10 h. 
      These results indicate that PGC-1alpha responds very early to increased neuronal 
      activity by synthesizing more proteins in the cytoplasm and translocating them to 
      the nucleus for gene activation. PGC-1alpha level in neurons is, therefore, 
      tightly regulated by neuronal activity.
FAU - Meng, Hui
AU  - Meng H
AD  - Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of 
      Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
FAU - Liang, Huan Ling
AU  - Liang HL
FAU - Wong-Riley, Margaret
AU  - Wong-Riley M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070809
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Res
JT  - Brain research
JID - 0045503
RN  - 0 (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha)
RN  - 0 (Ppargc1a protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (RNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - 660YQ98I10 (Potassium Chloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Action Potentials/*genetics
MH  - Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/genetics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Cell Nucleus/metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Cytoplasm/metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Microscopy, Immunoelectron
MH  - Neurons/*metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
MH  - Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
MH  - RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Ribosomes/metabolism/ultrastructure
MH  - Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Transcriptional Activation/*genetics
MH  - Up-Regulation/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Visual Cortex/*metabolism/ultrastructure
EDAT- 2007/09/18 09:00
MHDA- 2008/01/26 09:00
CRDT- 2007/09/18 09:00
PHST- 2007/04/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/07/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/07/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/09/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/01/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/09/18 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0006-8993(07)01813-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.063 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Res. 2007 Oct 17;1175:10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.063. Epub 2007 
      Aug 9.