PMID- 17879259
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080715
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0260-437X (Print)
IS  - 0260-437X (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 4
DP  - 2008 May
TI  - The reduced local lymph node assay: the impact of group size.
PG  - 518-23
AB  - The local lymph node assay (LLNA) is a skin sensitization test that provides 
      animal welfare benefits. To reduce animal usage further, a modified version 
      (rLLNA) was proposed. Conducting the rLLNA as a screening test with a single high 
      dose group and vehicle control differentiated accurately between skin sensitizers 
      and non-sensitizers. This study examined whether a reduction in animal 
      number/group is feasible. Historical data were utilized to examine the impact of 
      conducting the rLLNA with two mice/group. To assess the effect on the stimulation 
      index (SI) 41 datasets with individual animal data derived using five mice/group 
      were analysed. SIs were calculated on all possible combinations of two control 
      and two high dose group disintegrations per minute (dpm) values. For 25 of 33 
      sensitizer datasets, > 96% of possible dpm combinations resulted in a calculated 
      SI > 3. The lowest percentages of positive SIs were observed with weak allergens 
      when, in the standard LLNA, the mean SIs would have been nearer to the threshold 
      value of 3. The results indicate that moderate, strong and extreme allergens are 
      more likely than weak allergens to be identified as sensitizers when group sizes 
      of two mice are used within the rLLNA. It is concluded that a rLLNA with two 
      mice/group would display decreased sensitivity and is inappropriate for use in 
      hazard identification.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Ryan, Cindy A
AU  - Ryan CA
AD  - The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45253-8707, USA. ryan.ca@pg.com 
      <ryan.ca@pg.com>
FAU - Chaney, Joel G
AU  - Chaney JG
FAU - Kern, Petra S
AU  - Kern PS
FAU - Patlewicz, Grace Y
AU  - Patlewicz GY
FAU - Basketter, David A
AU  - Basketter DA
FAU - Betts, Catherine J
AU  - Betts CJ
FAU - Dearman, Rebecca J
AU  - Dearman RJ
FAU - Kimber, Ian
AU  - Kimber I
FAU - Gerberick, G Frank
AU  - Gerberick GF
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Appl Toxicol
JT  - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
JID - 8109495
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Irritants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Allergens/*toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology
MH  - Dermatitis, Contact/*etiology
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Feasibility Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Irritants/*toxicity
MH  - *Local Lymph Node Assay
MH  - Lymph Nodes/*drug effects/pathology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred CBA
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - *Research Design
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Sample Size
EDAT- 2007/09/20 09:00
MHDA- 2008/07/17 09:00
CRDT- 2007/09/20 09:00
PHST- 2007/09/20 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/07/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/09/20 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/jat.1303 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Appl Toxicol. 2008 May;28(4):518-23. doi: 10.1002/jat.1303.