PMID- 17903280
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20071129
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1471-2202 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2202 (Linking)
VI  - 8 Suppl 3
IP  - Suppl 3
DP  - 2007 Sep 18
TI  - Factors that regulate embryonic gustatory development.
PG  - S4
AB  - Numerous molecular factors orchestrate the development of the peripheral taste 
      system. The unique anatomy/function of the taste system makes this system ideal 
      for understanding the mechanisms by which these factors function; yet the taste 
      system is underutilized for this role. This review focuses on some of the many 
      factors that are known to regulate gustatory development, and discusses a few 
      topics where more work is needed. Some attention is given to factors that 
      regulate epibranchial placode formation, since gustatory neurons are thought to 
      be primarily derived from this region. Epibranchial placodes appear to arise from 
      a pan-placodal region and a number of regulatory factors control the 
      differentiation of individual placodes. Gustatory neuron differentiation is 
      regulated by a series of transcription factors and perhaps bone morphongenic 
      proteins (BMP). As neurons differentiate, they also proliferate such that their 
      numbers exceed those in the adult, and this is followed by developmental death. 
      Some of these cell-cycling events are regulated by neurotrophins. After gustatory 
      neurons become post-mitotic, axon outgrowth occurs. Axons are guided by multiple 
      chemoattractive and chemorepulsive factors, including semaphorins, to the tongue 
      epithelium. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), functions as a targeting 
      factor in the final stages of axon guidance and is required for gustatory axons 
      to find and innervate taste epithelium. Numerous factors are involved in the 
      development of gustatory papillae including Sox-2, Sonic hedge hog and 
      Wnt-beta-catenin signaling. It is likely that just as many factors regulate taste 
      bud differentiation; however, these factors have not yet been identified. Studies 
      examining the molecular factors that regulate terminal field formation in the 
      nucleus of the solitary tract are also lacking. However, it is possible that some 
      of the factors that regulate geniculate ganglion development, outgrowth, guidance 
      and targeting of peripheral axons may have the same functions in the gustatory 
      CNS.
FAU - Krimm, Robin F
AU  - Krimm RF
AD  - Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville 
      School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA. robin.krimm@louisville.edu
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DC007176/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DC007176/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20070918
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Neurosci
JT  - BMC neuroscience
JID - 100966986
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Differentiation/physiology
MH  - Embryonic Development/physiology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Taste/*physiology
MH  - Taste Buds/cytology/*embryology/*physiology
PMC - PMC1995452
EDAT- 2007/10/18 09:00
MHDA- 2007/12/06 09:00
PMCR- 2007/09/18
CRDT- 2007/10/18 09:00
PHST- 2007/10/18 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2007/12/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/10/18 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2007/09/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1471-2202-8-S3-S4 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1471-2202-8-S3-S4 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Neurosci. 2007 Sep 18;8 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S4. doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-8-S3-S4.