PMID- 17918721
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081009
LR  - 20240324
IS  - 1520-6017 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3549 (Print)
IS  - 0022-3549 (Linking)
VI  - 97
IP  - 7
DP  - 2008 Jul
TI  - Past, present, and future technologies for oral delivery of therapeutic proteins.
PG  - 2497-523
AB  - Biological drugs are usually complex proteins and cannot be orally delivered due 
      to problems related to degradation in the acidic and protease-rich environment of 
      the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The high molecular weight of these drugs often 
      results in poor absorption into the periphery when administered orally. The most 
      common route of administration for these therapeutic proteins is injection. Most 
      of these proteins have short serum half-lives and need to be administered 
      frequently or in high doses to be effective. So, difficulties in the 
      administration of protein-based drugs provides the motivation for developing drug 
      delivery systems (DDSs) capable of maintaining therapeutic drug levels without 
      side effects as well as traversing the deleterious mucosal environment. Employing 
      a polymer as an entrapment matrix is a common feature among the different types 
      of systems currently being pursued for protein delivery. Protein release from 
      these matrices can occur through various mechanisms, such as diffusion through or 
      erosion of the polymer matrix, and sometimes a combination of both. Encapsulation 
      of proteins in liposomes has also been a widely investigated technology for 
      protein delivery. All of these systems have merit and our worthy of pursuit.
FAU - Singh, Rajesh
AU  - Singh R
AD  - Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, 
      Kentucky 40202, USA.
FAU - Singh, Shailesh
AU  - Singh S
FAU - Lillard, James W Jr
AU  - Lillard JW Jr
LA  - eng
GR  - U54 CA118638/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - G12 RR003034/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI057808/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR03034/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AI057808/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK58967/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MD00525/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P60 MD000525/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pharm Sci
JT  - Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
JID - 2985195R
RN  - 0 (Biocompatible Materials)
RN  - 0 (Drug Carriers)
RN  - 0 (Liposomes)
RN  - 0 (Polymers)
RN  - 0 (Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Absorption
MH  - Administration, Oral
MH  - Biocompatible Materials/chemistry
MH  - Drug Carriers/chemistry
MH  - Drug Delivery Systems/*methods
MH  - Drug Stability
MH  - Liposomes
MH  - Nanoparticles
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Polymers/chemistry
MH  - Proteins/*administration & dosage/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic 
      use
MH  - *Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods/trends
PMC - PMC4627499
MID - NIHMS573041
EDAT- 2007/10/09 09:00
MHDA- 2008/10/10 09:00
PMCR- 2015/10/30
CRDT- 2007/10/09 09:00
PHST- 2007/10/09 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/10/10 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/10/09 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/10/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0022-3549(16)32627-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/jps.21183 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pharm Sci. 2008 Jul;97(7):2497-523. doi: 10.1002/jps.21183.