PMID- 17938564
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080327
LR  - 20141120
IS  - 1423-0194 (Electronic)
IS  - 0028-3835 (Linking)
VI  - 87
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008
TI  - Neural connectivity in the mediobasal hypothalamus of the sheep brain.
PG  - 91-112
AB  - The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) and the arcuate nucleus (ARC) 
      are two centres regulating energy balance and food intake, but inter-connectivity 
      of these nuclei is not well defined in non-rodent species. In this study, we 
      performed retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry in the ovine brain with 
      ewes receiving FluoroGold (FG) injections into either ARC or VMN for the mapping 
      of retrogradely labelled cells. Strong reciprocal connections were found between 
      the two regions. The distribution of the FG labelled neurons in other regions of 
      the hypothalamus and brain stem was also mapped. Some of the cells projecting 
      from ARC to VMN were immunopositive for neuropeptide Y, galanin, 
      adrenocorticotropin (marker of pro-opiomelanocortin cells) or tyrosine 
      hydroxylase (marker of dopaminergic cells). Melanin-concentrating hormone and 
      orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area were also found to provide input 
      to the VMN and ARC. This observed interconnectivity between regions important for 
      metabolic regulation and other neuroendocrine functions presumably allows 
      coordinated functions. Input to both the ARC and VMN from other brain regions, 
      such as brain stem cell groups, provides a further level of regulation. These 
      data provide a substrate upon which further understanding of appetite regulation 
      and neuroendocrine function can be derived in this species.
CI  - (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel
FAU - Qi, Y
AU  - Qi Y
AD  - Department of Physiology, Monash University, Monash, Australia.
FAU - Iqbal, J
AU  - Iqbal J
FAU - Oldfield, B J
AU  - Oldfield BJ
FAU - Clarke, I J
AU  - Clarke IJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20071015
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Neuroendocrinology
JT  - Neuroendocrinology
JID - 0035665
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptide Y)
RN  - 88813-36-9 (Galanin)
RN  - 9002-60-2 (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
RN  - EC 1.14.16.2 (Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Appetite/physiology
MH  - Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/*anatomy & histology/metabolism
MH  - Energy Metabolism/physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Galanin/metabolism
MH  - Hypothalamus/*anatomy & histology/metabolism
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Neural Conduction/*physiology
MH  - Neurons, Afferent/metabolism
MH  - Neuropeptide Y/metabolism
MH  - Sheep
MH  - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
EDAT- 2007/10/17 09:00
MHDA- 2008/03/28 09:00
CRDT- 2007/10/17 09:00
PHST- 2007/06/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/08/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/10/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/03/28 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/10/17 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 000109944 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000109944 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroendocrinology. 2008;87(2):91-112. doi: 10.1159/000109944. Epub 2007 Oct 15.