PMID- 17967132
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080624
LR  - 20080227
IS  - 1523-4681 (Electronic)
IS  - 0884-0431 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 3
DP  - 2008 Mar
TI  - Fetal growth velocity, size in early life and adolescence, and prediction of bone 
      mass: association to the GH-IGF axis.
PG  - 439-46
AB  - Poor growth in early life is associated with numerous adverse outcomes later in 
      life. In 123 adolescents 16-18 yr of age, the previous findings of a positive 
      relation between size in early life and later bone mass was confirmed. These 
      associations were mediated by the current height and weight, but it was not 
      confirmed that alterations of the GH-IGF axis cause this. INTRODUCTION: Numerous 
      studies have found associations between low birth weight and disease later in 
      life, including decreased bone mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A longitudinal cohort 
      of 16- to 19-year-old adolescents (n = 123) with data on third trimester fetal 
      growth velocity (FGV) was assessed by serial ultrasound measurements, birth 
      weight (BW), and weight at 1 yr. A follow-up study included DXA scan, 
      anthropometric measurements, and measurements of the growth hormone (GH) -IGF-I 
      axis in a representative subpopulation (n = 30). RESULTS: BW and weight at 1 yr 
      were positively associated with whole body BMC (p = 0.02 and p < 0.0001, 
      respectively), lumbar spine BMC (p = 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively), and 
      lumbar spine BMD (p = 0.04). After correction for adolescent height and weight, 
      no association remained significant. There was no relation between IGF-I and IGF 
      binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) levels in adolescence and size in early life or bone 
      mass. In the subpopulation, GH secretion (median, 2.58 versus 4.05), GH pulse 
      mass (median, 10.7 versus 19.4 mU/liter), and total GH (median, 74.9 versus 108.8 
      mU/liter/12 h) were decreased in the small for gestational age (SGA) group 
      compared with the appropriate for gestational age (AGA) group; this did not reach 
      statistical significance. Likewise, there were no differences in IGF-I, IGF-II, 
      and IGFBP-1, -2, and -3 levels between the SGA and AGA groups. A statistically 
      significant positive association between FGV and adolescent IGF-II was found (B = 
      199.9, p = 0.006). Significant negative associations between GH measurement and 
      BMC, as well as BMD, were found (B = -0.008, p = 0.005 and B = -0.008, p = 0.006, 
      respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the previous findings of a 
      positive relation between size in early life and later BMC, an association 
      apparently independent of the distal part of the GH/IGF-I axis. However, this 
      association may be mediated mainly by postnatal growth determining size of the 
      skeletal envelope rather than an effect of fetal programming on bone mass per se.
FAU - Jensen, Rikke Beck
AU  - Jensen RB
AD  - University Department of Growth and Reproduction Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 
      Denmark. rikke.beck@rh.hosp.dk
FAU - Vielwerth, Signe
AU  - Vielwerth S
FAU - Frystyk, Jan
AU  - Frystyk J
FAU - Veldhuis, Johannes
AU  - Veldhuis J
FAU - Larsen, Torben
AU  - Larsen T
FAU - Molgaard, Christian
AU  - Molgaard C
FAU - Greisen, Gorm
AU  - Greisen G
FAU - Juul, Anders
AU  - Juul A
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J Bone Miner Res
JT  - Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American 
      Society for Bone and Mineral Research
JID - 8610640
RN  - 0 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins)
RN  - 12629-01-5 (Human Growth Hormone)
RN  - 67763-96-6 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor I)
RN  - 67763-97-7 (Insulin-Like Growth Factor II)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adolescent Development
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Birth Weight
MH  - Bone Density
MH  - *Bone Development
MH  - Female
MH  - *Fetal Development
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Growth Disorders/blood/etiology
MH  - Human Growth Hormone/*blood
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/*blood
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/*analysis
MH  - Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/*analysis
MH  - Male
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Pregnancy Trimester, Third
EDAT- 2007/10/31 09:00
MHDA- 2008/06/25 09:00
CRDT- 2007/10/31 09:00
PHST- 2007/10/31 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/06/25 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/10/31 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1359/jbmr.071034 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Bone Miner Res. 2008 Mar;23(3):439-46. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.071034.