PMID- 17980923
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080205
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 0166-445X (Print)
IS  - 0166-445X (Linking)
VI  - 85
IP  - 4
DP  - 2007 Dec 30
TI  - Evaluation of estrogenic activities and mechanism of action of perfluorinated 
      chemicals determined by vitellogenin induction in primary cultured tilapia 
      hepatocytes.
PG  - 267-77
AB  - Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and 
      are widely present in the environment, wildlife and humans. Recently, reports 
      have suggested that PFCs may have endocrine-disrupting activities. In the present 
      study, we have developed a non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 
      (ELISA) method to investigate estrogenic activities of selected PFCs using 
      vitellogenin (VTG) induction in primary cultured hepatocytes of freshwater male 
      tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Cultured hepatocytes were exposed to various 
      concentrations of perfluorooctanyl sulfonate (PFOS), pentadecafluorooctanoic acid 
      (PFOA), 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-nonafluoro-1-hexanol (4:2 FTOH), 1H, 1H, 2H, 
      2H-perfluorooctanol (6:2 FTOH) and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-1-decanol (8:2 FTOH) 
      for 48 h, while 17beta-estradiol (E2) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were used as 
      positive controls. A dose-dependent induction of VTG was observed in E2-, 4-NP-, 
      PFOS-, PFOA- and 6:2 FTOH-treated cells, whereas VTG levels remained unchanged in 
      the 4:2 FTOH and 8:2 FTOH exposure groups at the concentrations tested. The 
      estimated 48-h EC(50) values for E2, 4-NP, PFOS, PFOA and 6:2 FTOH were 4.7 x 
      10(-7), 7.1 x 10(-6), 1.5 x 10(-5), 2.9 x 10(-5) and 2.8 x 10(-5)M, respectively. 
      In the time-course study, significant VTG induction took place at 24 h (E2), 6 h 
      (4-NP), 48 h (PFOS), 48 h (PFOA), 72 h (4:2 FTOH), 12 h (6:2 FTOH), 72 h (8:2 
      FTOH), and increased further after 96 h of exposure. Co-exposure to binary 
      mixtures of individual PFCs and E2 for 48 h significantly inhibited E2-induced 
      hepatocellular VTG production in a dose-dependent manner except for 4:2 FTOH. The 
      estimated 48-h IC(50) (concentration of a compound that elicits 50% inhibition of 
      maximally E2-induced VTG) values for PFOS, PFOA, 6:2 FTOH and 8:2 FTOH were 3.1 x 
      10(-7), 5.1 x 10(-7), 1.1 x 10(-6) and 7.5 x 10(-7)M, respectively. In order to 
      further investigate the estrogenic mechanism of PFCs, the hepatocytes were 
      co-exposed to binary mixtures of individual chemicals (E2, 4-NP, PFOS, PFOA and 
      6:2 FTOH) and the known estrogen receptor inhibitor tamoxifen for 48 h; tamoxifen 
      significantly inhibited the ability of these chemicals to stimulate 
      vitellogenesis. The overall results demonstrated that PFOS, PFOA and FTOHs have 
      estrogenic activities and that exposure to a combination of E2 and PFCs produced 
      anti-estrogenic effects. The results of the estrogen receptor inhibition assay 
      further suggested that the estrogenic effect of PFCs may be mediated by the 
      estrogen receptor pathway in primary cultured tilapia hepatocytes.
FAU - Liu, Chunsheng
AU  - Liu C
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of 
      Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
FAU - Du, Yongbing
AU  - Du Y
FAU - Zhou, Bingsheng
AU  - Zhou B
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20070926
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Aquat Toxicol
JT  - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
JID - 8500246
RN  - 0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Caprylates)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Estrogens, Non-Steroidal)
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Estrogen)
RN  - 0 (Vitellogenins)
RN  - 947VD76D3L (perfluorooctanoic acid)
RN  - 9H2MAI21CL (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alkanesulfonic Acids/toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Caprylates/toxicity
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*toxicity
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/*toxicity
MH  - Fluorocarbons/*toxicity
MH  - Hepatocytes/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Liver/cytology/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
MH  - Tilapia/*metabolism
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Vitellogenins/*biosynthesis
EDAT- 2007/11/06 09:00
MHDA- 2008/02/06 09:00
CRDT- 2007/11/06 09:00
PHST- 2007/07/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/09/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/09/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/11/06 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/02/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/11/06 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0166-445X(07)00362-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.09.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aquat Toxicol. 2007 Dec 30;85(4):267-77. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.09.009. Epub 
      2007 Sep 26.