PMID- 17993253
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080627
LR  - 20161124
IS  - 0887-2333 (Print)
IS  - 0887-2333 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008 Mar
TI  - Release of MCP-1 and IL-8 from lung epithelial cells exposed to volatile organic 
      compounds.
PG  - 359-66
AB  - Increased indoor air concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOC) have been 
      shown to contribute to the risk of respiratory and allergic diseases. The aim of 
      this study was to investigate the inflammatory potential of single VOC and 
      mixtures using an in vitro model. TNF-alpha stimulated human lung epithelial 
      cells (A549) were exposed to VOC (1 ng/m3-100g/m3) via gas phase. After 20 h of 
      exposure cytotoxicity and the release of the pro-inflammatory molecules monocyte 
      chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 was analysed. 
      Exposure of A549 cells to chlorobenzene, styrene or m-xylene increased the MCP-1 
      production within the indoor relevant concentration range (1-25,000 microg/m3), 
      higher concentrations increased the secretion of IL-8. Mixtures of aromatic 
      compounds caused comparable effects to the single compounds on MCP-1 and IL-8 
      with a shift to lower concentration ranges. Neither the aliphatic compounds 
      n-nonane, n-decane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, and methylcyclopentane 
      nor the mixture of these VOC showed any effects on MCP-1 and IL-8 production. 
      Cytotoxic effects were not observed. These results show that aromatic, but no 
      aliphatic compounds stimulate the release of pro-inflammatory mediators from lung 
      epithelial cells. When aromatic compounds were mixed the sensitivity of lung 
      cells to these compounds was increased.
FAU - Fischader, G
AU  - Fischader G
AD  - Department of Environmental Immunology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre of Environmental 
      Research, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
FAU - Roder-Stolinski, C
AU  - Roder-Stolinski C
FAU - Wichmann, G
AU  - Wichmann G
FAU - Nieber, K
AU  - Nieber K
FAU - Lehmann, I
AU  - Lehmann I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20071005
PL  - England
TA  - Toxicol In Vitro
JT  - Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with 
      BIBRA
JID - 8712158
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Aromatic)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
RN  - 0 (Tetrazolium Salts)
RN  - 0 (Thiazoles)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - EUY85H477I (thiazolyl blue)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/*metabolism
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Epithelial Cells/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons/toxicity
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/toxicity
MH  - Inflammation/*chemically induced/pathology
MH  - Interleukin-6/biosynthesis
MH  - Interleukin-8/*metabolism
MH  - Lung/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology
MH  - Organic Chemicals/*toxicity
MH  - Tetrazolium Salts
MH  - Thiazoles
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
MH  - Volatilization
EDAT- 2007/11/13 09:00
MHDA- 2008/06/28 09:00
CRDT- 2007/11/13 09:00
PHST- 2007/01/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/09/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/09/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/11/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/06/28 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/11/13 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0887-2333(07)00262-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.09.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Mar;22(2):359-66. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.09.015. Epub 
      2007 Oct 5.