PMID- 17997348
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080530
LR  - 20071217
IS  - 0027-5107 (Print)
IS  - 0027-5107 (Linking)
VI  - 649
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2008 Jan 8
TI  - Intermediate frequency magnetic fields do not have mutagenic, co-mutagenic or 
      gene conversion potentials in microbial genotoxicity tests.
PG  - 187-200
AB  - We used bacterial mutation and yeast genotoxicity tests to evaluate the effects 
      of intermediate frequency (IF; 2 kHz, 20 kHz and 60 kHz) magnetic fields (MFs) on 
      mutagenicity, co-mutagenicity and gene conversion. We constructed a Helmholtz 
      type exposure system that generated vertical and sinusoidal IF MFs, such as 0.91 
      mT at 2 kHz, 1.1 mT at 20 kHz and 0.11 mT at 60 kHz. Mutagenicity, 
      co-mutagenicity and gene conversion assays were performed for each of the three 
      MF exposure conditions. Mutagenicity testing was performed in four strains of 
      Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537) and two strains of 
      Escherichia coli (WP2 uvrA and WP2 uvrA/pKM101) to cover a wide spectrum of point 
      mutations. For co-mutagenicity tests, we used four sensitive test strains (TA98, 
      TA100, WP2 uvrA and WP2 uvrA/pKM101) with five chemical mutagens (t-butyl 
      hydroperoxide (BH, a hydroxyl free radical precursor), 
      2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (AF2) and 
      N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG, DNA reactive reagents), benz[a]pyrene 
      (BaP) and 2-aminoanthracene (2AA, DNA reactive promutagens). Gene conversion 
      testing was performed in the yeast test strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae XD83. We 
      also examined the effects on the repair process of DNA damage by UV irradiation. 
      No statistically significant effects were observed between exposed and control 
      groups in any of the genotoxicity tests, indicating that the IF MFs (0.91 mT at 2 
      kHz, 1.1 mT at 20 kHz or 0.11 mT at 60 kHz) do not have mutagenic or co-mutagenic 
      potentials for the chemical mutagens tested under these experimental conditions. 
      Our findings also indicate that these IF MFs do not induce gene conversion or 
      affect the repair process of DNA damage in eukaryotic cells.
FAU - Nakasono, Satoshi
AU  - Nakasono S
AD  - EMF Environment Sector, Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central 
      Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko-City, Chiba, Japan. 
      nakasono@criepi.denken.or.jp
FAU - Ikehata, Masateru
AU  - Ikehata M
FAU - Dateki, Minori
AU  - Dateki M
FAU - Yoshie, Sachiko
AU  - Yoshie S
FAU - Shigemitsu, Tsukasa
AU  - Shigemitsu T
FAU - Negishi, Tadashi
AU  - Negishi T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20070929
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Mutat Res
JT  - Mutation research
JID - 0400763
SB  - IM
MH  - Escherichia coli/genetics/radiation effects
MH  - Gene Conversion/genetics/*radiation effects
MH  - *Magnetics
MH  - Mutagenicity Tests/methods
MH  - Mutation/*radiation effects
MH  - Point Mutation/drug effects
MH  - Salmonella typhimurium/genetics/radiation effects
MH  - Yeasts/genetics/radiation effects
EDAT- 2007/11/13 09:00
MHDA- 2008/05/31 09:00
CRDT- 2007/11/13 09:00
PHST- 2007/01/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/08/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/09/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/11/13 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/05/31 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/11/13 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1383-5718(07)00276-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.09.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mutat Res. 2008 Jan 8;649(1-2):187-200. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.09.003. Epub 
      2007 Sep 29.