PMID- 18155222
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080325
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0021-9673 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1179
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008 Feb 1
TI  - In-tube extraction for enrichment of volatile organic hydrocarbons from aqueous 
      samples.
PG  - 96-105
AB  - In-tube extraction (ITEX) is a novel solventless extraction technique in which a 
      headspace syringe with a needle body filled with a sorbent (here: Tenax TA) is 
      used. The analytes are extracted from sample headspace by dynamic extraction. The 
      needle body is surrounded by a separate heater, which is used for thermal 
      desorption of analytes into the injection port of a GC system. We report here for 
      the first time the optimization and evaluation of a fully automated analytical 
      method based on ITEX. As target analytes, 19 common groundwater contaminants such 
      as halogenated volatiles and monoaromatic compounds have been chosen. Method 
      related parameters such as extraction temperature, number of extraction cycles, 
      extraction and desorption volume as well as extraction and desorption flow rates 
      were investigated in detail. The linear dynamic range of the ITEX method ranged 
      over six orders of magnitude between 0.028 microg/L and 1218 microg/L with linear 
      correlation coefficients between 0.990 and 0.998 for the investigated compounds. 
      Method detection limits for monoaromatic compounds were between 28 ng/L 
      (ethylbenzene) and 68 ng/L (1,2,4-trimethylbenzene). For halogenated volatile 
      organic compounds, method detection limits between 48 ng/L (chloroform) and 799 
      ng/L (dichloromethane) were obtained. The precision of the method with external 
      calibration was between 3.1% (chloroform ethylbenzene) and 7.4% 
      (1,2,3-trimethylbenzene).
FAU - Jochmann, Maik A
AU  - Jochmann MA
AD  - Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, 
      D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
FAU - Yuan, Xue
AU  - Yuan X
FAU - Schilling, Beat
AU  - Schilling B
FAU - Schmidt, Torsten C
AU  - Schmidt TC
LA  - eng
PT  - Evaluation Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20071203
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Benzene Derivatives)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Benzene Derivatives/*analysis
MH  - Chemical Fractionation/instrumentation/*methods
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Volatilization
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
EDAT- 2007/12/25 09:00
MHDA- 2008/03/26 09:00
CRDT- 2007/12/25 09:00
PHST- 2007/07/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/11/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2007/12/25 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/03/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2007/12/25 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(07)02098-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.100 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2008 Feb 1;1179(2):96-105. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.100. 
      Epub 2007 Dec 3.