PMID- 18197725
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080519
LR  - 20220129
IS  - 0012-6667 (Print)
IS  - 0012-6667 (Linking)
VI  - 68
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008
TI  - Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients receiving 
      antiretroviral therapy : pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and management.
PG  - 191-208
AB  - The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat HIV infection, by restoring CD4+ 
      cell count and immune function, is associated with significant reductions in 
      morbidity and mortality. Soon after ART initiation, there is a rapid phase of 
      restoration of pathogen-specific immunity. In certain patients, this results in 
      inflammatory responses that may result in clinical deterioration known as 'the 
      immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome' (IRIS). IRIS may be targeted at 
      viable infective antigens, dead or dying infective antigens, host antigens, 
      tumour antigens and other antigens, giving rise to a heterogeneous range of 
      clinical manifestations. The commonest forms of IRIS are associated with 
      mycobacterial infections, fungi and herpes viruses. In most patients, ART should 
      be continued and treatment for the associated condition optimized, and there is 
      anecdotal evidence for the use of corticosteroids in patients who are severely 
      affected. In this review, we discuss research relating to pathogenesis, the range 
      of clinical manifestations, treatment options and prevention issues.
FAU - Dhasmana, Devesh J
AU  - Dhasmana DJ
AD  - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex, UK.
FAU - Dheda, Keertan
AU  - Dheda K
FAU - Ravn, Pernille
AU  - Ravn P
FAU - Wilkinson, Robert J
AU  - Wilkinson RJ
FAU - Meintjes, Graeme
AU  - Meintjes G
LA  - eng
GR  - 072070/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - MC_U117588499/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - U117588499(88499)/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Drugs
JT  - Drugs
JID - 7600076
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy/etiology/immunology
MH  - Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy/etiology/immunology
MH  - HIV Infections/complications/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/*drug therapy/etiology/pathology
MH  - Neoplasms/drug therapy/etiology/immunology
RF  - 197
EDAT- 2008/01/17 09:00
MHDA- 2008/05/20 09:00
CRDT- 2008/01/17 09:00
PHST- 2008/01/17 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/05/20 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/01/17 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 6824 [pii]
AID - 10.2165/00003495-200868020-00004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drugs. 2008;68(2):191-208. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200868020-00004.