PMID- 18203637
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20081110
LR  - 20080808
IS  - 1532-2149 (Electronic)
IS  - 1090-3801 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 7
DP  - 2008 Oct
TI  - Topographical mapping and mechanical pain sensitivity of myofascial trigger 
      points in the infraspinatus muscle.
PG  - 859-65
LID - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.12.005 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To screen for the presence of latent and active myofascial trigger 
      points (MTrPs) in patients with unilateral shoulder and arm pain and perform 
      topographical mapping of mechanical pain sensitivity bilaterally in the 
      infraspinatus muscles. METHODS: Nineteen patients with unilateral musculoskeletal 
      shoulder pain participated in the study. The area overlying the infraspinatus on 
      each side was divided into 10 adjacent sub-areas of 1cm(2), corresponding to the 
      area of a pressure algometer probe. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was measured in 
      each sub-area bilaterally in the infraspinatus muscles. Following PPT 
      measurement, an acupuncture needle was inserted into each sub-area five times in 
      different directions in order to induce local twitch response and/or referred 
      pain. RESULTS: A significantly lower PPT level in the infraspinatus muscle was 
      detected on the painful side compared with the non-painful side (P=0.001). PPT at 
      midfiber region of the infraspinatus muscles was lower than that at other muscle 
      parts (P<0.05). Multiple, but not single, active MTrPs were found in the 
      infraspinatus muscle on the painful side and there were also multiple latent 
      MTrPs bilaterally in the infraspinatus muscles. PPT at active MTrPs was much 
      lower than the latent MTrPs and again lower than the non-MTrPs. CONCLUSIONS: 
      There exists bilateral mechanical hyperalgesia in patients with unilateral 
      shoulder pain. Further, the association of multiple active MTrPs with unilateral 
      shoulder pain and the heterogeneity of mechanical pain sensitivity distribution 
      suggest a crucial role of peripheral sensitization in chronic myofascial pain 
      conditions. Additionally, the locations of MTrPs identified with dry needling 
      correspond well to PPT topographical mapping, suggesting that dry needling and 
      PPT topographical mapping are sensitive techniques in the identification of 
      MTrPs.
FAU - Ge, Hong-You
AU  - Ge HY
AD  - Centre for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and 
      Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7 D-3, DK-9220 Aalborg, 
      Denmark. ghy@hst.aau.dk
FAU - Fernandez-de-Las-Penas, Cesar
AU  - Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C
FAU - Madeleine, Pascal
AU  - Madeleine P
FAU - Arendt-Nielsen, Lars
AU  - Arendt-Nielsen L
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20080118
PL  - England
TA  - Eur J Pain
JT  - European journal of pain (London, England)
JID - 9801774
SB  - IM
MH  - Acupuncture/instrumentation
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Brain Mapping
MH  - Fasciculation/etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/innervation/*physiopathology
MH  - Myofascial Pain Syndromes/diagnosis/*physiopathology
MH  - Needles
MH  - Pain Measurement
MH  - *Pain Threshold
MH  - Pain, Referred/etiology
MH  - Pressure/adverse effects
MH  - Punctures/adverse effects
MH  - Shoulder Pain/*physiopathology
EDAT- 2008/01/22 09:00
MHDA- 2008/11/11 09:00
CRDT- 2008/01/22 09:00
PHST- 2007/05/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2007/12/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2007/12/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/01/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/11/11 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/01/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1090-3801(07)00711-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.12.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Pain. 2008 Oct;12(7):859-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.12.005. Epub 2008 
      Jan 18.