PMID- 18256515
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080320
LR  - 20190608
IS  - 1341-1357 (Print)
IS  - 0007-5124 (Linking)
VI  - 57
IP  - 1
DP  - 2008 Jan
TI  - Effect of maternal restraint stress on fetal development of ICR mice.
PG  - 19-25
AB  - The present study was conducted to elucidate the susceptibility of embryos and 
      fetuses at different gestational stages to the maternal stress in mice. Groups of 
      pregnant ICR mice were subjected to daily 12-h restraint stress, taped in the 
      supine position on a plastic board, on gestational days (GD) 1-4, 5-8, 9-12 and 
      13-16, respectively. Caesarean sections were performed on gestational day 18, and 
      the fetuses were weighed and examined for morphological defects. During the daily 
      restraint for 4 days, the maternal body weights markedly decreased. Although the 
      body weights recovered gradually after termination of the stress, the recovery 
      was not full until the final stage of pregnancy. Interestingly, restraint stress 
      caused growth retardation of the fetuses, leading to a significant decrease in 
      their body weights, and increased early and late resorptions of embryos and 
      fetuses according to the stress periods. Although the preceding (GD1-4) and 
      concurrent (GD5-8) stresses did not affect embryonic implantation, restraint 
      stress on GD9-12 caused cleft palate. Whereas vertebral abnormalities, mainly 
      bipartite ossification, were observed only in animals stressed on GD5-8, 
      abnormalities of sternebrae, exhibiting asymmetric or bipartite ossification, 
      were enhanced by the stress at all of the gestational stages. On the other hand, 
      the incidence of other malformations including renal malposition and costal 
      abnormalities was not increased by stress at any of the 4 stages. Taken together, 
      the results suggest that intensive restraint stress influences the maternal body 
      weight resulting in growth retardation and increased mortality of embryos and 
      fetuses, in addition to gestational stage-specific ventricular dilatation, cleft 
      palate and sternal abnormalities.
FAU - Lee, Yea Eun
AU  - Lee YE
AD  - College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea.
FAU - Byun, Sang Kuk
AU  - Byun SK
FAU - Shin, Sunhee
AU  - Shin S
FAU - Jang, Ja Young
AU  - Jang JY
FAU - Choi, Byong-il
AU  - Choi BI
FAU - Park, Dongsun
AU  - Park D
FAU - Jeon, Jeong Hee
AU  - Jeon JH
FAU - Nahm, Sang-Seop
AU  - Nahm SS
FAU - Kang, Jong-Koo
AU  - Kang JK
FAU - Hwang, Seock-Yeon
AU  - Hwang SY
FAU - Kim, Jong-Choon
AU  - Kim JC
FAU - Kim, Yun-Bae
AU  - Kim YB
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Japan
TA  - Exp Anim
JT  - Experimental animals
JID - 9604830
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight/physiology
MH  - Cleft Palate/etiology/veterinary
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Development/*physiology
MH  - Fetal Growth Retardation/veterinary
MH  - Gestational Age
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred ICR/*physiology
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Restraint, Physical/*physiology
MH  - Rodent Diseases
MH  - Spine/abnormalities
EDAT- 2008/02/08 09:00
MHDA- 2008/03/21 09:00
CRDT- 2008/02/08 09:00
PHST- 2008/02/08 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/03/21 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/02/08 09:00 [entrez]
AID - JST.JSTAGE/expanim/57.19 [pii]
AID - 10.1538/expanim.57.19 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Anim. 2008 Jan;57(1):19-25. doi: 10.1538/expanim.57.19.