PMID- 18296320
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080702
LR  - 20081121
IS  - 0964-7058 (Print)
IS  - 0964-7058 (Linking)
VI  - 17 Suppl 1
DP  - 2008
TI  - The omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio, genetic variation, and cardiovascular 
      disease.
PG  - 131-4
AB  - A high omega-6/omega-3 ratio, as is found in today's Western diets, promotes the 
      pathogenesis of many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. 
      Increased dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA) leads to oxidation of low-density 
      lipoprotein (LDL), platelet aggregation, and interferes with the incorporation of 
      essential fatty acids (EFA) in cell membrane phopholipids. Both omega-6 and 
      omega-3 fatty acids influence gene expression. Omega-3 fatty acids have strong 
      anti-inflammatory effects, suppress interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor 
      necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), whereas omega-6 fatty 
      acids tend to be pro-inflammatory. Because inflammation is at the base of many 
      chronic diseases, including coronary heart disease, dietary intake of omega-3 
      fatty acids plays an important role in the manifestation of disease, particularly 
      in persons with genetic variation, as for example in individuals with genetic 
      variants at the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Increased dietary arachidonic acid (AA) 
      significantly enhances the apparent atherogenic effect of genotype, whereas 
      increased dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 
      docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) blunts this effect. The diet-gene interaction further 
      suggests that dietary omega-6 fatty acids promote, whereas marine omega-3 fatty 
      acids EPA and DHA inhibit leukotriene-mediated inflammation that leads to 
      atherosclerosis in this subpopulation.
FAU - Simopoulos, Artemis P
AU  - Simopoulos AP
AD  - The Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health, 2001 S Street, NW, Suite 530, 
      Washington, DC 20009 USA. cgnh@bellatlantic.net
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - China
TA  - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr
JT  - Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
JID - 9440304
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-6)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Fatty Acids, Omega-3/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Fatty Acids, Omega-6/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - *Genetic Variation
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Humans
RF  - 46
EDAT- 2008/05/28 09:00
MHDA- 2008/07/03 09:00
CRDT- 2008/05/28 09:00
PHST- 2008/05/28 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/07/03 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/05/28 09:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17 Suppl 1:131-4.