PMID- 18304859
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090414
LR  - 20090202
IS  - 0027-5107 (Print)
IS  - 0027-5107 (Linking)
VI  - 681
IP  - 1
DP  - 2009 Jan-Feb
TI  - Use of Comet-FISH in the study of DNA damage and repair: review.
PG  - 33-43
LID - 10.1016/j.mrrev.2008.01.006 [doi]
AB  - The Comet-FISH technique is a useful tool to detect overall and region-specific 
      DNA damage and repair in individual cells. It combines two well-established 
      methods, the Comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) and the technique of 
      fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Whereas the Comet assay allows 
      separating fragmented from non-fragmented DNA, FISH helps to detect specifically 
      labelled DNA sequences of interest, including whole chromosomes. Thus the 
      combination of both techniques has been applied in particular for detection of 
      site-specific breaks in DNA regions which are relevant for development of 
      different diseases. This paper reviews the relevant literature and presents three 
      examples on how Comet-FISH was used for studying the induction of DNA damage by 
      genotoxic compounds related to oxidative stress in colon cancer-relevant genes 
      (TP53, APC, KRAS) of a colon adenoma cell line. The accumulated evidence on 
      relative sensitivity of these genes in comparison to global damage allows a more 
      definite conclusion on the possible contribution of the genotoxic factors during 
      colorectal carcinogenesis. Telomere fragility was compared in different cell 
      lines treated with cytostatic agents, and revealed new patterns of biological 
      activities through the drugs and different sensitivities of the cell lines that 
      were found to be associated with their tumour origin. A third example relates to 
      measuring repair of specific gene regions using Comet-FISH, a method that can be 
      developed to biomarker application. Taken together, available data suggests that 
      Comet-FISH helps to get further insights into sensitivity of specific DNA regions 
      and consequently in mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Although the nature of the 
      measured Comet-FISH endpoint precludes us from stating basically that damage and 
      repair are occurring within the specific gene, it is at least possible to 
      evaluate whether the damage and repair are occurring within the vicinity of the 
      gene of interest.
FAU - Glei, Michael
AU  - Glei M
AD  - Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute for Nutrition, 
      Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Street 24, 07743 Jena, Germany. 
      michael.glei@uni-jena.de
FAU - Hovhannisyan, Galina
AU  - Hovhannisyan G
FAU - Pool-Zobel, Beatrice L
AU  - Pool-Zobel BL
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20080131
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Mutat Res
JT  - Mutation research
JID - 0400763
RN  - 0 (Genetic Markers)
RN  - 0 (Mutagens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Colonic Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Comet Assay/*methods
MH  - *DNA Damage
MH  - *DNA Repair
MH  - Genes, APC/drug effects
MH  - Genes, p53/drug effects
MH  - Genes, ras/drug effects
MH  - Genetic Markers
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/*methods
MH  - Mutagens/toxicity
MH  - Oxidative Stress/genetics
MH  - Telomere/drug effects/genetics
RF  - 88
EDAT- 2008/02/29 09:00
MHDA- 2009/04/15 09:00
CRDT- 2008/02/29 09:00
PHST- 2007/10/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/01/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/01/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/02/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/04/15 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/02/29 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1383-5742(08)00029-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.mrrev.2008.01.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mutat Res. 2009 Jan-Feb;681(1):33-43. doi: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2008.01.006. Epub 2008 
      Jan 31.