PMID- 18332674
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080617
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 0955-8810 (Print)
IS  - 1473-5849 (Electronic)
IS  - 0955-8810 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 2
DP  - 2008 Mar
TI  - Developmental effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine: a review.
PG  - 91-111
LID - 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3282f62c76 [doi]
AB  - +/-3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a chemical derivative of 
      amphetamine that has become a popular drug of abuse and has been shown to deplete 
      serotonin in the brains of users and animals exposed to it. To date, most studies 
      have investigated the effects of MDMA on adult animals. With a majority of users 
      of MDMA being young adults, the chances of the users becoming pregnant and 
      exposing the fetuses to MDMA are also a concern. Evidence to date has shown that 
      developmental exposure to MDMA results in learning and memory impairments in the 
      Morris water maze, a task known to be sensitive to hippocampal disruption, when 
      the animals are tested as adults. Developmental MDMA exposure leads to 
      hypoactivity in the offspring as adults but does not affect outcome on tests of 
      anxiety. MDMA administration decreases pup weight, increases corticosterone and 
      brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels during treatment while decreasing brain 
      levels of serotonin; a decrease that initially dissipates and then reappears in 
      adulthood. Neonatal MDMA exposure increases the sensitivity of the serotonin 1A 
      receptor, a possible mechanism underlying the learning and memory deficits seen. 
      Taken together, the evidence shows that MDMA exposure has adverse effects on the 
      developing brain and behavior. The animal and human data on developmental MDMA 
      exposure are reviewed and their public health implications discussed.
FAU - Skelton, Matthew R
AU  - Skelton MR
AD  - Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, 3333 Burnet 
      Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
FAU - Williams, Michael T
AU  - Williams MT
FAU - Vorhees, Charles V
AU  - Vorhees CV
LA  - eng
GR  - K01 DA014269-05/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA021394-03/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA006733/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K01 DA014269/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA021394/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA021394/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 ES007051/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ES007051/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA006733/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA014269/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA006733-17/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Behav Pharmacol
JT  - Behavioural pharmacology
JID - 9013016
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (Serotonin Agents)
RN  - 112692-38-3 (Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Brain/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/*toxicity
MH  - Learning/*drug effects
MH  - Memory/*drug effects
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - Rats
MH  - Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
MH  - Serotonin Agents/*toxicity
PMC - PMC2888321
MID - NIHMS207866
EDAT- 2008/03/12 09:00
MHDA- 2008/06/18 09:00
PMCR- 2010/06/21
CRDT- 2008/03/12 09:00
PHST- 2008/03/12 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/06/18 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/03/12 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/06/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00008877-200803000-00001 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3282f62c76 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Behav Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;19(2):91-111. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0b013e3282f62c76.