PMID- 18394014
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080924
LR  - 20230829
IS  - 1538-7836 (Electronic)
IS  - 1538-7836 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 6
DP  - 2008 Jun
TI  - Differential impact of conventional-dose and low-dose postmenopausal hormone 
      therapy, tibolone and raloxifene on C-reactive protein and other inflammatory 
      markers.
PG  - 928-34
LID - 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.02970.x [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) is associated with an increased 
      risk for arterial and venous thrombosis. OBJECTIVES: To compare the impact of HT, 
      tibolone, and raloxifene on C-reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory 
      markers, and to investigate possible underlying mechanisms for changes in CRP and 
      D-dimer. METHODS: Two hundred and two healthy women were randomly assigned to 
      treatment for 12 weeks with either low-dose HT containing 1 mg of 
      17beta-estradiol and 0.5 mg of norethisterone acetate (NETA) (n = 50), 
      conventional-dose HT containing 2 mg of 17beta-estradiol and 1 mg of NETA (n = 
      50), 2.5 mg of tibolone (n = 51), or 60 mg of raloxifene (n = 51). RESULTS: CRP 
      increased in the conventional-dose HT and low-dose HT groups. These changes were 
      significantly more pronounced in the conventional-dose HT group (RMANOVA, P = 
      0.02). Also, tibolone was associated with an increase in CRP, in contrast to 
      raloxifene, which reduced CRP. Reductions in levels of Lp(a), intercellular 
      adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), P-selectin, E-selectin, monocyte chemotactic 
      protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed in all treatment groups. 
      The changes were most pronounced for the conventional-dose HT group, and least 
      pronounced for the raloxifene group, whereas the changes in those allocated to 
      tibolone and low-dose HT were intermediary. Increased levels of tumor necrosis 
      factor (TNF)-alpha and von Willebrand factor (VWF) were seen in the raloxifene 
      group. We observed positive associations between changes in IL-6, VWF, MCP-1, and 
      CRP. CONCLUSIONS: The regimens had markedly different impacts on markers of 
      inflammation. The average increase in CRP was not accompanied by increases in the 
      average levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha or other markers, but women with large 
      reductions in IL-6 had reduced increases in CRP.
FAU - Eilertsen, A L
AU  - Eilertsen AL
AD  - Department of Haematology, Ulleval University Hospital Trust, Oslo, and Faculty 
      Division Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. a.l.eilertsen@medisin.uio.no
FAU - Sandvik, L
AU  - Sandvik L
FAU - Steinsvik, B
AU  - Steinsvik B
FAU - Sandset, P M
AU  - Sandset PM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080403
PL  - England
TA  - J Thromb Haemost
JT  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
JID - 101170508
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Bone Density Conservation Agents)
RN  - 0 (Norpregnenes)
RN  - 4F86W47BR6 (Raloxifene Hydrochloride)
RN  - 9007-41-4 (C-Reactive Protein)
RN  - FF9X0205V2 (tibolone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*pharmacology
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Bone Density Conservation Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - C-Reactive Protein/*biosynthesis
MH  - Cell Adhesion
MH  - *Estrogen Replacement Therapy
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Norpregnenes/*pharmacology
MH  - Postmenopause
MH  - Raloxifene Hydrochloride/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2008/04/09 09:00
MHDA- 2008/09/25 09:00
CRDT- 2008/04/09 09:00
PHST- 2008/04/09 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/09/25 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/04/09 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S1538-7836(22)12690-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.02970.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Thromb Haemost. 2008 Jun;6(6):928-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.02970.x. 
      Epub 2008 Apr 3.