PMID- 18439545
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080716
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1537-6605 (Electronic)
IS  - 0002-9297 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9297 (Linking)
VI  - 82
IP  - 5
DP  - 2008 May
TI  - Evidence for natural selection on leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors for HLA 
      class I in Northeast Asians.
PG  - 1075-83
LID - 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.012 [doi]
AB  - Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) plays a critical role in innate and adaptive 
      immunity and is a well-known example of genes under natural selection. However, 
      the genetic aspect of receptors recognizing HLA molecules has not yet been fully 
      elucidated. Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (LILRs) are a family of 
      HLA class I-recognizing receptors comprising activating and inhibitory forms. We 
      previously reported that the allele frequency of the 6.7 kb LILRA3 deletion is 
      extremely high (71%) in the Japanese population, and we identified premature 
      termination codon (PTC)-containing alleles. In this study, we observed a wide 
      distribution of the high deletion frequency in Northeast Asians (84% in Korean 
      Chinese, 79% in Man Chinese, 56% in Mongolian, and 76% in Buryat populations). 
      Genotyping of the four HapMap populations revealed that LILRA3 alleles were in 
      strong linkage disequilibrium with LILRB2 alleles in Northeast Asians. In 
      addition, PTC-containing LILRA3 alleles were detected in Northeast Asians but not 
      in non-Northeast Asians. Furthermore, flow-cytometric analysis revealed that the 
      LILRB2 allele frequent in Northeast Asians was significantly associated with low 
      levels of expression. F(ST) and extended-haplotype-homozygosity analysis for the 
      HapMap populations provided evidence of positive selection acting on the LILRA3 
      and LILRB2 loci. Taken together, our results suggest that both the nonfunctional 
      LILRA3 alleles and the low-expressing LILRB2 alleles identified in our study have 
      increased in Northeast Asians because of natural selection. Our findings, 
      therefore, lead us to speculate that not only HLA class I ligands but also their 
      receptors might be sensitive to the local environment.
FAU - Hirayasu, Kouyuki
AU  - Hirayasu K
AD  - Tokyo Metropolitan Red Cross Blood Center, Tokyo 135-8639, Japan.
FAU - Ohashi, Jun
AU  - Ohashi J
FAU - Tanaka, Hidenori
AU  - Tanaka H
FAU - Kashiwase, Koichi
AU  - Kashiwase K
FAU - Ogawa, Atsuko
AU  - Ogawa A
FAU - Takanashi, Minoko
AU  - Takanashi M
FAU - Satake, Masahiro
AU  - Satake M
FAU - Jia, Guan Jun
AU  - Jia GJ
FAU - Chimge, Nyam-Osor
AU  - Chimge NO
FAU - Sideltseva, Elena W
AU  - Sideltseva EW
FAU - Tokunaga, Katsushi
AU  - Tokunaga K
FAU - Yabe, Toshio
AU  - Yabe T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080424
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Hum Genet
JT  - American journal of human genetics
JID - 0370475
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I)
RN  - 0 (LILRA3 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (LILRB2 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Membrane Glycoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Immunologic)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Asian People
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Frequency
MH  - Haplotypes
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Linkage Disequilibrium
MH  - Male
MH  - Membrane Glycoproteins/*genetics
MH  - Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics
MH  - *Selection, Genetic
PMC - PMC2427302
EDAT- 2008/04/29 09:00
MHDA- 2008/07/17 09:00
PMCR- 2008/11/09
CRDT- 2008/04/29 09:00
PHST- 2007/12/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/02/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/03/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/04/29 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/07/17 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/04/29 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/11/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0002-9297(08)00222-X [pii]
AID - AJHG132 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Hum Genet. 2008 May;82(5):1075-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.012. Epub 
      2008 Apr 24.