PMID- 18479726
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20080926
LR  - 20080623
IS  - 0045-6535 (Print)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 72
IP  - 8
DP  - 2008 Jul
TI  - Assessment of organochlorine pesticide pollution in Upper Awash Ethiopian state 
      farm soils using selective pressurised liquid extraction.
PG  - 1181-7
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.041 [doi]
AB  - Upper Awash Agro Industry Enterprises (UAAIE) is one of the major state farms in 
      Ethiopia with known large-scale pesticide use. Although organochlorine pesticides 
      (OCPs) have been applied for about three decades, no studies have been carried 
      out on levels of residue in the region. In this work a fast selective pressurised 
      liquid extraction (SPLE) methodology has successfully been applied for screening 
      of 13 OCPs in 12 soil samples from different fields in UAAIE, which further 
      strengthen this methodology. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were done 
      using a dual column gas chromatography-electron capture detection system (GC-ECD) 
      and a GC equipped with a mass spectrometer (MS), respectively. The main 
      contaminants identified comprised of previously used persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) and currently used insecticides. Low concentrations or 
      non-detectable levels of certain OCPs (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, and heptachlor) 
      indicate a positive phasing out of these persistent organic pollutants (POPs). 
      Similarly HCHs were found in few soils and at low concentrations. Endosulfans and 
      DDTs were detected in substantial amounts in the soils with Sigmaendosulfans up 
      to 56000 and SigmaDDTs up to 230 ng g(-1) dry weight, which is a threat to the 
      surrounding and downstream ecosystems, especially considering that the 
      investigated OCPs constituted 29000 l of the 63000 l of pesticide applied 
      annually on the fields. Additional concerns must be raised concerning synergistic 
      effects of all pesticides added.
FAU - Westbom, Rikard
AU  - Westbom R
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, 
      Sweden. rikard.westbom@analykem.lu.se
FAU - Hussen, Ahmed
AU  - Hussen A
FAU - Megersa, Negussie
AU  - Megersa N
FAU - Retta, Negussie
AU  - Retta N
FAU - Mathiasson, Lennart
AU  - Mathiasson L
FAU - Bjorklund, Erland
AU  - Bjorklund E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20080513
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chemical Fractionation/*methods
MH  - Chromatography, Gas
MH  - Ecosystem
MH  - Environmental Pollution/analysis/prevention & control
MH  - Ethiopia
MH  - Geography
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Soil Pollutants/*analysis
EDAT- 2008/05/16 09:00
MHDA- 2008/09/27 09:00
CRDT- 2008/05/16 09:00
PHST- 2007/08/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2008/02/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2008/03/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2008/05/16 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/09/27 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/05/16 09:00 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(08)00381-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.041 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2008 Jul;72(8):1181-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.041. Epub 
      2008 May 13.