PMID- 18498452
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121002
LR  - 20080523
IS  - 1468-2494 (Electronic)
IS  - 0142-5463 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 2
DP  - 2001 Apr
TI  - Vehicle effects on skin sensitizing potency of four chemicals: assessment using 
      the local lymph node assay.
PG  - 75-83
LID - 10.1046/j.1467-2494.2001.00066.x [doi]
AB  - The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) can be used to determine the relative 
      skin sensitizing potency of chemicals via interpolation of the quantitative dose 
      response data generated. Using this approach we have demonstrated previously that 
      the vehicle matrix in which a chemical allergen is encountered on the skin can 
      have a significant influence on sensitizing potency. Estimates of relative 
      potency are calculated from LLNA dose responses as a function of the 
      mathematically derived EC3 value, this being the concentration estimated to 
      induce a stimulation index (SI) of 3. To investigate further the influence of 
      application vehicle on sensitizing potency, the LLNA has been used to examine the 
      activity of four recognized human contact allergens: isoeugenol and cinnamic 
      aldehyde, two fragrance chemicals; 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (a sensitizing 
      impurity of cocamidopropyl betaine, a surfactant used in shower gel) and 
      dibromodicyanobutane (the sensitizing component of Euxyl K 400, a preservative 
      used in cosmetics). The four chemicals were applied in each of seven different 
      vehicles (acetone: olive oil [4 : 1]; dimethylsulphoxide; methylethylketone; 
      dimethyl formamide; propylene glycol; and both 50 : 50 and 90 : 10 mixtures of 
      ethanol and water). It was found that the vehicle in which a chemical is 
      presented to the epidermis can have a marked effect on sensitizing activity. EC3 
      values ranged from 0.9 to 4.9% for isoeugenol, from 0.5 to 1.7% for cinnamic 
      aldehyde, from 1.7 to > 10% for dimethylaminopropylamine and from 0.4 to 6.4% for 
      dibromodicyanobutane. These data confirm that the vehicle in which a chemical is 
      encountered on the skin has an important influence on the relative skin 
      sensitizing potency of chemicals and may have a significant impact on the 
      acquisition of allergic contact dermatitis. The data also demonstrate the utility 
      of the LLNA as a method for the prediction of these effects and thus for the 
      development of more accurate risk assessments.
FAU - Wright, Z M
AU  - Wright ZM
AD  - SEAC Toxicology Unit, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire 
      MK44 1LQ, U.K.
FAU - Basketter, P A
AU  - Basketter PA
FAU - Blaikie, L
AU  - Blaikie L
FAU - Cooper, K J
AU  - Cooper KJ
FAU - Warbrick, E V
AU  - Warbrick EV
FAU - Dearman, R J
AU  - Dearman RJ
FAU - Kimber, I
AU  - Kimber I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Cosmet Sci
JT  - International journal of cosmetic science
JID - 8007161
EDAT- 2008/05/24 09:00
MHDA- 2008/05/24 09:01
CRDT- 2008/05/24 09:00
PHST- 2008/05/24 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2008/05/24 09:01 [medline]
PHST- 2008/05/24 09:00 [entrez]
AID - ICS066 [pii]
AID - 10.1046/j.1467-2494.2001.00066.x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Cosmet Sci. 2001 Apr;23(2):75-83. doi: 10.1046/j.1467-2494.2001.00066.x.